How to Become a CICS Programmer (Building Better Back-ends)
If you’ve ever aspired to create world-class business applications or pondered the journey to become a CICS programmer, you’ve landed at the right guide.
In this comprehensive guide, we’ll demystify the PRECISE steps you need to embark on your career as a CICS programmer. We’ll discuss:
- The skills required.
- The education that can steer your way.
- Strategies to secure a job as a CICS programmer.
So, whether you’re a newcomer to coding or a tech-minded individual aiming to upgrade your skills, stick around.
We’re about to uncover the roadmap to becoming a CICS programmer.
Let’s dive in!
Steps to Become a CICS Programmer
Step 1: Gain Understanding of Mainframe Systems
As an initial step to becoming a CICS Programmer, it’s crucial to acquire a solid understanding of mainframe systems.
Mainframes are powerful servers designed to process billions of calculations and transactions.
They are often used by large organizations for critical applications, such as bulk data processing and industry analytics.
You can begin to understand mainframe systems by taking relevant courses, studying books, attending seminars, or completing online tutorials.
Topics to study should include z/OS operating system, Job Control Language (JCL), TSO/ISPF, VSAM files, and mainframe-related programming languages like COBOL or PL/1.
Understanding the robustness, scalability, and unique features of mainframe systems will provide a strong foundation for your future role as a CICS Programmer.
Additionally, mastering the mainframe environment can give you a competitive edge in the job market, as mainframe skills are in high demand but in short supply.
After you gain a solid understanding of mainframe systems, you can start to learn about CICS (Customer Information Control System) itself, which is a transaction server that runs on mainframe systems.
It is designed to support rapid, high-volume online transaction processing.
The more you understand mainframe systems, the easier it will be to learn CICS and become proficient as a CICS Programmer.
Step 2: Learn COBOL and Other Mainframe Languages
As a CICS programmer, you will need a strong foundation in COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language) and other mainframe languages such as JCL (Job Control Language), DB2, and IMS.
This is the second step in your journey to becoming a CICS programmer.
You can start by learning COBOL, a high-level programming language that has been widely used for business applications since its inception in the 1950s.
Understanding COBOL is crucial because it allows you to develop and maintain enterprise-level applications which are often used by large organizations.
Some colleges offer courses in COBOL programming, and there are also online resources and books available for self-study.
After you have a good grasp of COBOL, proceed to learn JCL, DB2, and IMS.
JCL is used in the IBM mainframe operating systems to control the execution of batch jobs.
DB2 is a database management system, while IMS is a hierarchical database and transaction management system.
By learning these languages, you will gain a deep understanding of the mainframe environment and be well on your way to becoming a proficient CICS programmer.
Remember to practice writing codes and programs in these languages regularly to sharpen your skills.
Additionally, consider obtaining certifications in these languages to increase your credibility and marketability.
Step 3: Get Familiar with CICS
As you move forward in your pursuit to become a CICS programmer, it is essential to familiarize yourself with Customer Information Control System (CICS), a family of mixed language application servers from IBM.
CICS provides a powerful runtime environment for transaction processing and connectivity services for applications.
Start by understanding the basics of CICS, its transaction server, and how it enables application programmers to write programs in various languages like COBOL, PL/I, C, C++, and Java.
Learn about the critical features of CICS, such as transaction management, data access, and system management.
Immerse yourself in the practical aspects of CICS by getting hands-on experience.
There are numerous online resources, tutorials, and textbooks available to learn CICS.
In addition, IBM offers a CICS Explorer, which provides a visual interface to interact with CICS systems and resources, facilitating a more intuitive learning experience.
Understanding CICS will also require a good grasp of the IBM Mainframe environment, as CICS operates primarily in this setting.
So, learning about operating systems like z/OS would be beneficial.
Remember that becoming proficient with CICS is not something that happens overnight.
It will take time and commitment, but with persistence, you can become adept at using this powerful system.
Step 4: Acquire Knowledge of Databases
As a CICS Programmer, understanding and working with databases is crucial.
This means that after you have a firm grasp on programming languages, the next step is to acquaint yourself with various databases.
Knowledge about databases will give you an added advantage in your career as it is a significant part of CICS programming.
CICS programmers often need to work with databases like DB2 or Oracle to store and manage the data required for the applications they are developing.
Therefore, getting a strong understanding of how these databases work, learning SQL (Structured Query Language) for managing and manipulating the data within these databases, and understanding the principles of database design are all essential skills for a CICS Programmer.
You can acquire this knowledge through online courses, textbooks, or hands-on experience.
It’s helpful to work on real-world projects that require database interaction, whether through internships, part-time jobs, or personal projects.
The more experience you have with databases, the more comfortable you’ll feel when you have to work with them in your role as a CICS Programmer.
Remember, the world of databases is vast and constantly evolving, so continuous learning and staying up-to-date with the latest developments is key to success in this field.
Step 5: Study Transaction Processing Concepts
As you move forward in your journey to become a CICS Programmer, it is essential to understand transaction processing concepts thoroughly.
Transaction processing systems are pivotal in any organization for the smooth functioning of business operations, and CICS (Customer Information Control System) is a powerful transaction processing system.
A comprehensive understanding of how transactions are processed, managed, and controlled is crucial.
You should grasp the concepts of concurrent processing, recovery, and integrity of data.
Additionally, understanding the process of transaction scheduling, transaction isolation, and deadlock handling can give you a more profound insight into the transaction processing concepts.
You might want to refer to resources like textbooks, online courses, and tutorials to get a good grip on these concepts.
Working on practical projects or internships that involve transaction processing systems can also solidify your understanding.
As a CICS programmer, you will be handling tasks that require you to write, monitor, and troubleshoot programs within the CICS system.
Having a robust understanding of transaction processing concepts will allow you to efficiently work with the CICS system, helping you to design and implement solutions that enhance business operations.
Step 6: Undertake Relevant Coursework or Certifications
As a CICS programmer, it is crucial to undertake relevant coursework or certifications to gain a deeper understanding of CICS and its applications.
This step will not only help you become a competent programmer but also offer you an advantage when applying for jobs.
Coursework should include areas such as application design and development, CICS command level programming, and working with CICS Java applications.
You can also consider courses that teach you how to handle CICS transaction processing, as well as how to use CICS Web Services.
Additionally, you may want to pursue certifications that validate your skills and knowledge.
IBM offers several certifications that are relevant to CICS programmers, such as IBM Certified System Programmer – CICS Transaction Server.
Earning these certifications can significantly boost your credibility and marketability in the job market.
Remember, continuous learning and improvement are crucial in the field of programming.
Therefore, keep up with the latest developments and best practices in CICS programming and consider regular refresher courses to stay up-to-date.
Step 7: Build Practical Experience
Building practical experience is a crucial step in becoming a successful CICS programmer.
This involves gaining hands-on experience in CICS programming, which is often achieved through internships, entry-level roles, or even personal projects.
Internships provide the opportunity to work under the supervision of experienced programmers, where you can learn from their expertise and gain real-world experience.
Some companies may offer a rotation program where you get to work in different departments and gain a comprehensive understanding of the system.
Entry-level roles, on the other hand, allow you to start working on actual projects.
In this capacity, you may be required to maintain and update existing CICS applications, troubleshoot issues, and assist in the development of new applications.
This will not only enhance your technical skills but also familiarize you with workplace dynamics and industry practices.
Working on personal projects is also an excellent way to gain practical experience.
This could involve developing your own application or system, contributing to an open-source project, or even solving complex problems on various coding platforms.
In addition to building your coding proficiency, practical experience will also help you develop key soft skills such as problem-solving, teamwork, and time management.
Remember, the more experience you gain, the better your understanding of CICS programming will be.
This will eventually increase your efficiency and problem-solving capabilities, making you a valuable asset to any employer.
Step 8: Develop Debugging and Problem-Solving Skills
As a CICS (Customer Information Control System) Programmer, you will often encounter code errors or system issues that need immediate resolution.
This is why it is crucial to develop strong debugging and problem-solving skills.
Debugging involves identifying, isolating, and fixing problems in your code.
Start by familiarizing yourself with debugging tools that are commonly used in CICS programming.
Learn how to read and interpret system logs and error messages.
Practice debugging by intentionally introducing errors in your code and trying to find and fix them.
Problem-solving, on the other hand, requires a broader set of skills.
You must be able to understand the overall system architecture and data flows, identify where things are going wrong, and come up with practical solutions.
This often requires a deep understanding of the system’s business logic and a good grasp of the technical details.
To hone these skills, consider taking courses that focus on troubleshooting and problem-solving.
Participate in coding challenges and competitions, where you’ll often need to debug your code under time pressure.
Get hands-on experience by working on real-world projects, preferably in a team setting where you can learn from others’ problem-solving strategies.
Remember, being a successful CICS programmer isn’t just about writing code – it’s about ensuring that code works effectively and efficiently within the system’s context, and being able to identify and resolve issues when they arise.
Step 9: Join Professional Networks and Forums
Joining professional networks and forums is a crucial step in the path of becoming a successful CICS Programmer.
Networking allows you to connect with professionals who are already working in the field, gain valuable insights about the industry, and stay updated with the latest trends and technologies in the CICS domain.
Professional associations like the IBM User Group (SHARE), the IBM Systems Technical University, and the CICS Development Community can provide you with a wealth of resources and opportunities for networking.
Attending events, webinars, or workshops organized by these groups can help you learn from experienced professionals and also showcase your skills and knowledge.
Online forums and discussion boards such as Stack Overflow, GitHub, and IBM Developer are also excellent platforms to engage with a community of CICS programmers.
You can ask questions, participate in discussions, share your own experiences, and even help others by providing solutions to their problems.
LinkedIn is another powerful tool for networking.
Join groups related to CICS programming, participate in discussions, and connect directly with experienced professionals and recruiters.
Remember, networking is not only about taking but also about giving.
Make sure to contribute to the community by sharing your own knowledge and experiences, and by helping others whenever possible.
This will not only enhance your reputation within the community but also help you to develop your own skills and understanding of CICS programming.
Step 10: Stay Updated with Latest CICS Developments
To stay competitive and relevant in the field as a CICS Programmer, it is crucial to keep up-to-date with the latest developments and upgrades in CICS technology.
IBM regularly releases new versions of CICS with new features and capabilities, which can significantly impact how you perform your job.
One way to stay updated is by regularly visiting the IBM CICS official page or joining online CICS communities and forums, where latest features, updates and trends are frequently discussed.
It’s also important to go through any technical documentation and white papers available that can provide an in-depth understanding of the new changes or updates.
Another way to stay updated is by taking part in relevant seminars, webinars, training courses, or workshops that focus on the latest CICS developments.
These can help you gain hands-on experience and also provide opportunities to network with other professionals in the field.
Remember, as a CICS programmer, your ability to adapt and learn is one of your most valuable skills.
By staying on top of the latest CICS developments, you will not only improve your own skill set, but also increase your value as a professional in the field.
Step 11: Prepare for Job Interviews
As a CICS programmer, when preparing for job interviews, there are several things you should consider.
Firstly, you should have a solid understanding of the CICS (Customer Information Control System) environment and coding languages such as COBOL, Java, and C++.
You should also be familiar with DB2 databases and transaction processing.
You can expect technical questions concerning these topics during the interview.
It is advisable to review and practice coding problems and to be comfortable discussing your projects and experiences in detail.
Prepare examples of how you have utilized CICS in previous roles or projects.
Showcase your problem-solving skills and your ability to work under pressure, as these are both key attributes for a CICS programmer.
Additionally, you should also brush up on your soft skills.
Communication is crucial in this role, as you’ll often have to explain complex systems to non-technical team members.
Be ready to discuss how you’ve used your interpersonal skills in past roles.
Finally, researching the company you’re interviewing with will give you a better understanding of their systems and programming needs.
This will enable you to tailor your responses to show how your skills and experiences will be an asset to their specific operations.
Remember, successful interviewing is not only about proving your technical competency but also showing your enthusiasm for the role and the company, and demonstrating how you can contribute to their success.
Step 12: Apply for CICS Programmer Positions
Once you have acquired the necessary skills, education, and experience, it’s time to start looking for CICS Programmer positions.
There are various platforms to search for job opportunities, such as LinkedIn, Indeed, and other job search engines.
In addition to online searches, you should also make use of your professional network.
Reach out to contacts you have made throughout your educational and professional journey for any potential openings or recommendations.
Prepare your resume, ensuring it’s tailored to highlight your CICS expertise, other programming languages known, and any relevant experiences.
Be sure to include specific projects or tasks you have done relating to CICS, such as system integration, application development, or troubleshooting.
Once your resume is ready, start applying for positions that match your skill set and career goals.
Always adapt your application to each job, highlighting your most relevant skills and experiences to the job requirements.
During the interview process, be prepared to answer technical questions about CICS and to demonstrate your problem-solving abilities.
Some employers may require a practical test to assess your programming skills.
Don’t be discouraged if you do not get a job offer immediately.
Keep improving your skills, networking, and applying for new positions.
The IT field is constantly evolving and there are always new opportunities for those who are persistent and willing to learn.
CICS Programmer Roles and Responsibilities
CICS Programmers are responsible for developing and maintaining applications in an IBM mainframe environment, specifically using the Customer Information Control System (CICS).
They utilize their knowledge of COBOL and other mainframe languages to ensure the smooth operation of these applications.
They have the following roles and responsibilities:
Software Development
- Design, code, test, and maintain CICS applications.
- Develop clean, efficient, and maintainable COBOL code.
- Use mainframe languages and development frameworks.
Problem Solving
- Analyze complex technical issues and propose solutions within the CICS environment.
- Debug and troubleshoot issues in CICS applications.
- Optimize COBOL code and algorithms for performance.
System Architecture
- Participate in architectural design discussions for mainframe systems.
- Collaborate with system architects to define mainframe architecture.
Testing and Quality Assurance
- Write unit tests, integration tests, and perform code reviews for CICS applications.
- Ensure applications meet quality and security standards.
- Perform automated and manual testing for mainframe applications.
Documentation
- Create technical documentation for code, APIs, and mainframe systems.
- Maintain documentation and keep it up-to-date.
Collaboration
- Work closely with cross-functional teams (designers, product managers, QA engineers) in the mainframe environment.
Version Control
- Use version control tools to manage mainframe code repositories.
- Understand branching, merging, and conflict resolution in a mainframe environment.
Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD)
- Set up and maintain CI/CD pipelines for automated testing and deployment in the mainframe environment.
- Ensure COBOL code is integrated and deployed efficiently.
Performance Optimization
- Identify and resolve performance bottlenecks in mainframe systems.
- Optimize algorithms, database queries, and COBOL code for efficiency.
Security
- Be aware of security best practices and potential vulnerabilities in the mainframe environment.
- Implement security measures to protect mainframe software and data.
Maintenance and Updates
- Provide ongoing support for deployed CICS applications.
- Apply updates, patches, and bug fixes as needed in the mainframe environment.
Technical Research
- Research and evaluate new tools, libraries, and frameworks for mainframe development.
Mentoring and Knowledge Sharing
- Conduct code reviews and provide constructive feedback in the mainframe environment.
Communication
- Communicate technical information effectively to non-technical stakeholders.
- Document and communicate project progress and issues in the mainframe environment.
Continuous Learning
- Maintain and improve technical skills and knowledge in mainframe development.
- Attend conferences, workshops, and training programs focused on mainframe technologies.
What Does a CICS Programmer Do?
CICS Programmers, or Customer Information Control System Programmers, primarily work in the financial services industry, though they may be employed in any industry that uses CICS systems.
Their main responsibility is designing, coding, testing, and debugging programs written for the IBM CICS transaction server.
These professionals work with a variety of programming languages, such as COBOL and Java, to create software applications that can handle a high volume of transactions quickly and securely.
CICS Programmers work closely with system analysts and other IT professionals to understand the needs and objectives of the organization.
They then translate these requirements into functional software.
They are also responsible for maintaining and updating existing CICS programs, finding and fixing bugs, and making necessary modifications to improve performance.
They must ensure that all programs they create are compatible with the organization’s existing systems and can handle the required workload.
Additionally, CICS Programmers may also provide technical support to other team members and end-users, helping to troubleshoot any issues that arise with the CICS systems.
Essential CICS Programmer Skills
- CICS Knowledge: Profound understanding of the Customer Information Control System (CICS) is the most crucial skill for a CICS programmer. CICS is a transaction server that powers online transactions on a mainframe system.
- COBOL Programming: Most CICS systems are built using COBOL, so a strong command over this programming language is essential. It includes writing, debugging, and testing COBOL programs.
- DB2 and SQL: Knowledge of DB2, a database system used on IBM mainframe systems, and SQL skills for accessing and manipulating these databases are crucial for efficient programming.
- JCL: Job Control Language (JCL) is another vital skill required to run jobs on a mainframe computer. It helps in defining the specifications and managing the operating environment for batch and online systems.
- VSAM: Virtual Storage Access Method (VSAM) is an access method used in mainframe environment. Familiarity with VSAM aids in managing and optimizing data access.
- Problem-solving: As with any programming job, problem-solving skills are essential. Identifying issues, debugging programs, and implementing solutions is a core part of a CICS programmer’s job.
- System Design and Analysis: Knowledge of system design principles and the ability to analyze system requirements are key skills. They help in creating efficient systems and anticipating potential problems or bottlenecks.
- Mainframe Tools: Proficiency with mainframe tools and utilities like TSO, ISPF, SDSF, etc., is important for executing tasks efficiently on the mainframe system.
- Communication: Strong communication skills are important for a CICS programmer as they often need to interact with system analysts, testers, and other team members to understand requirements and resolve issues.
- Performance Tuning: A CICS programmer should be skilled in tuning the performance of the system, which involves optimizing resource usage, improving system efficiency, and reducing response times.
- Testing: A CICS programmer should have a good understanding of testing methodologies and tools to ensure the programs work as expected and meet the system requirements.
- Teamwork: As part of a larger IT team, the ability to work effectively in a team environment, share knowledge, and contribute towards the project’s success is necessary for a CICS programmer.
- Project Management: Having some project management skills can be beneficial. These include task prioritization, time management, and understanding of Agile methodologies.
CICS Programmer Career Path Progression
The Foundation: Junior CICS Programmer
The journey starts with your role as a Junior CICS Programmer.
At this stage, you’re learning to navigate the mainframe environment and getting hands-on experience with CICS, COBOL, and DB2.
You may be involved in coding, debugging, and testing of programs.
Here are some tips to succeed in this role:
- Continuous Learning: Familiarize yourself with different mainframe technologies and strive to keep your CICS knowledge up-to-date.
- Seek Guidance: Don’t hesitate to ask senior colleagues for help, absorb their feedback and learn from their experiences.
- Attention to Detail: Mainframe programming requires high precision, so work diligently and check your code thoroughly.
The Ascent: CICS Programmer
With more experience, you move into the role of a CICS Programmer.
You’ll participate in more complex mainframe projects, contribute to system design, and handle routine maintenance and updates.
Here’s how to excel at this stage:
- Problem Solving: Improve your problem-solving abilities by tackling complex issues in the mainframe environment.
- Teamwork: Collaborate effectively with your team and other stakeholders. Clear communication is key.
- Code Quality: Aim to write clean, efficient code, adhering to best practices for CICS programming.
Reaching New Heights: Senior CICS Programmer
Next comes the Senior CICS Programmer position.
You are seen as an expert in your field and become involved in major decisions related to system design and architecture.
To succeed in this role:
- Mentorship: Share your knowledge with junior programmers to help them grow in their roles.
- Strategic Thinking: Understand the bigger picture beyond coding. Consider system-level design and architecture.
- Leadership: Lead by example and motivate others with your diligence and problem-solving skills.
Beyond the Horizon: Lead CICS Programmer and Beyond
As you advance further, you may become a Lead CICS Programmer or a Technical Project Manager.
These roles require strategic planning, leadership, and often, management skills.
Focus on the following:
- Technical Leadership: Guide the technical direction of projects and make impactful decisions.
- Management Skills: Develop effective leadership and communication skills to manage your team successfully.
- Staying Relevant: Keep up with the latest trends in mainframe technology and continuous innovation.
Pinnacle of Success: Mainframe Architect or Director of Mainframe Operations
At the pinnacle of your career, you could become a Mainframe Architect or Director of Mainframe Operations.
In these roles, you’ll shape the overall strategy of mainframe operations, make critical decisions, and manage larger teams.
CICS Programmer Salary
Entry-Level CICS Programmer
- Median Salary: $60,000 – $80,000 per year
- Entry-level CICS programmers generally have 0-2 years of experience and a bachelor’s or master’s degree in computer science or a related field. They have a basic understanding of CICS systems and programming languages.
Mid-Level CICS Programmer
- Median Salary: $80,000 – $110,000 per year
- Mid-level programmers have 2-5 years of experience in the field. They are proficient in CICS programming and often manage minor projects or components of larger systems.
Senior CICS Programmer
- Median Salary: $110,000 – $150,000 per year
- Senior programmers have 5+ years of experience and are responsible for designing and developing complex CICS systems. They also play a key role in decision-making and mentorship of junior programmers.
Lead CICS Programmer / CICS Development Manager
- Median Salary: $130,000 – $180,000+ per year
- These roles require substantial experience in CICS programming and system design. They involve leadership duties, project management, and crucial decision-making responsibilities.
Principal CICS Programmer / Technical Director / VP of CICS Programming
- Median Salary: $150,000 – $250,000+ per year
- These high-ranking positions demand extensive experience, in-depth technical expertise in CICS programming, and often involve setting and executing technical strategies for the organization.
CICS Programmer Work Environment
CICS Programmers often work in corporate office settings, specifically within the IT departments of a wide range of industries, such as finance, healthcare, and technology.
These professionals usually work full-time with some overtime when approaching project deadlines.
The work of a CICS Programmer is typically computer-based and mostly carried out in a team setting, where they collaborate with other software developers, systems analysts, and project managers.
Travel for in-person meetings or onsite troubleshooting might be required in some roles, but many CICS programmers work remotely, providing them the flexibility to balance their work and personal lives.
Given their technical expertise, CICS Programmers have the potential to advance into higher-level programming or management positions, or even branch out as independent consultants.
Their work environment is generally high-pressured, detail-oriented, and requires continuous learning to keep up with technological advancements.
FAQs About Becoming a CICS Programmer
What is needed to become a CICS programmer?
Becoming a CICS programmer requires a strong understanding of computer science fundamentals, data structures, and algorithms.
You also need to be proficient in the IBM Customer Information Control System (CICS) and COBOL programming language.
Many CICS programmers have a bachelor’s degree in computer science or a related field.
It’s also beneficial to understand transaction processing, online systems, and database design.
Soft skills like problem-solving, communication, and teamwork are also important in this role.
How long does it take to become a CICS programmer?
The time it takes to become a CICS programmer can vary depending on your educational path and experience level.
A bachelor’s degree in computer science or a related field typically takes four years.
From there, you would need additional time to gain proficiency in IBM’s CICS and COBOL, which can be achieved through additional classes, self-study, or on-the-job training.
Experience in database design, transaction processing, or online systems can also be beneficial and may reduce the time needed to become job-ready.
Can I become a CICS programmer without a degree?
Yes, it’s possible to become a CICS programmer without a traditional four-year degree.
Employers often prioritize skills and practical experience over formal education.
You can acquire the necessary skills through self-study, online courses, or intensive training programs.
However, having a degree can provide a competitive edge and could open up more opportunities, particularly for higher-level positions.
Is being a CICS programmer a stressful job?
Being a CICS programmer can be stressful at times due to tight deadlines, complex problem-solving, and the need to keep up with updates to the IBM CICS system.
However, the level of stress can vary depending on the work environment, the complexity of the projects you’re working on, and your personal stress management strategies.
Many CICS programmers find the work to be intellectually rewarding and enjoy the challenge of solving complex problems.
What are the prospects for CICS programmers in the next decade?
The prospects for CICS programmers remain steady.
Despite the age of the CICS system, many industries continue to use it due to its stability and reliability, particularly in sectors such as banking and insurance.
Therefore, skilled CICS programmers are still in demand.
However, it’s important for CICS programmers to continue learning and adapting to new technologies to enhance their career prospects.
Conclusion
And there you have it.
Embarking on a journey to become a CICS programmer is no small feat, but it’s undoubtedly rewarding.
Equipped with the appropriate skills, education, and tenacity, you’re on the cusp of making a significant impact in the realm of enterprise server applications.
Remember, the journey may be intricate, but the opportunities are boundless. Your innovations could lead to the development of the next pioneering mainframe application that changes how businesses operate and interact.
So, take that initial stride. Submerge yourself in learning. Connect with professionals. And most importantly, never stop programming.
Because the world of enterprise computing is waiting for what you can create.
And if you’re seeking personalized guidance on launching or progressing your career in CICS programming, explore our AI Career Path Advisor.
This complimentary tool is designed to offer customized advice and resources to help you navigate your career path effectively.
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