How to Become an Archaeologist (Digging Up Your Potential)

If you’ve ever been intrigued by ancient civilizations and wondered what it takes to become an archaeologist, you’ve arrived at the right place.

In this guide, we’ll delve into the EXACT steps you need to embark on your journey to becoming an archaeologist. We’ll discuss:

The skills you need.
The education that will equip you with the necessary knowledge.
How to secure your first job as an archaeologist.

So, whether you’re a history enthusiast or an aspiring scholar seeking to enrich your knowledge, stay with us.

We’re about to unearth the roadmap to becoming an archaeologist.

Let’s get started!

Contents show

Steps to Become an Archaeologist

Step 1: Understand the Profession

Before you decide to become an archaeologist, it’s crucial to understand what the profession entails.

Archaeologists are professionals who study the past of human civilizations through the excavation and analysis of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains.

This includes everything from ancient pottery and tools to buildings and even landscapes.

The work of an archaeologist is not just about digging up artifacts.

It involves extensive research, meticulous analysis, and detailed documentation.

It may also involve travel to various archaeological sites, sometimes in remote locations, and working in various weather conditions.

Be aware that the field of archaeology can be highly competitive, with more aspiring archaeologists than available jobs.

The work can be physically demanding and may require long hours.

However, for those with a deep fascination for history and a desire to unravel the mysteries of the past, the rewards can far outweigh the challenges.

In addition to a strong interest in history and culture, successful archaeologists typically have good problem-solving skills, attention to detail, and the ability to think critically.

Fieldwork often requires physical stamina, and laboratory work requires precision and patience.

Communication skills are also essential, as archaeologists often work in teams and need to present their findings to others.

Understanding these realities of the profession will help you decide if this is the right career path for you.

Step 2: Pursue Relevant Education

In order to become an archaeologist, you need to obtain a bachelor’s degree at the minimum.

Most archaeologists complete their undergraduate degree in archaeology, anthropology, or a related field.

This degree should provide you with a foundational understanding of archaeology principles and techniques, such as excavation, data collection and analysis, interpretation of artifacts, and archaeological theory.

In addition to the core archaeology courses, it is also beneficial to study related subjects that can supplement your archaeological knowledge.

This could include subjects like history, geology, geography, chemistry, and even computer science.

These courses can provide additional insight into human history, natural processes, and the technologies that are used in modern archaeology.

In some cases, a master’s degree or PhD in archaeology or a related field may be necessary, especially for more specialized roles or higher-level positions.

This further education usually involves more focused and in-depth study on a specific area of archaeology, and often includes conducting your own original research.

It is also important to gain practical experience in the field whenever possible, as this can be just as valuable as formal education.

This can be achieved through internships, field schools, or volunteering on archaeological digs.

These experiences provide hands-on training in archaeological methods and techniques, and can give you a more realistic understanding of what a career in archaeology involves.

Step 3: Gain Fieldwork Experience

Gaining fieldwork experience is crucial for anyone pursuing a career in archaeology.

This hands-on experience allows you to apply the theory you’ve learned in a real-world context, develop practical skills and understand the nature of archaeological research.

It’s also a great way to network with other professionals in the field and learn about potential job opportunities.

Fieldwork can be conducted through internships, volunteer positions, or even as part of your undergraduate or graduate studies.

You may find opportunities to work on local archaeological sites or take part in international digs.

Working on a variety of sites – from prehistoric to historical – can provide a broad base of experience.

Remember that archaeology is not just about excavation.

Fieldwork could also involve surveying, site mapping, artifact analysis, and laboratory work.

Each of these experiences can help you specialize in a particular area of archaeology in the future.

Documentation is a crucial part of fieldwork, so make sure you develop your note-taking and reporting skills.

This will also be useful when you apply for jobs or advanced studies, as you can showcase your experience and the skills you’ve gained.

Moreover, be prepared for the physically demanding aspect of archaeological fieldwork.

It often involves working outdoors in varying weather conditions and performing labor-intensive tasks.

Remember, fieldwork is where you truly get to be an archaeologist, so immerse yourself in the experience, soak up as much knowledge as you can, and enjoy the journey of uncovering history!

Step 4: Develop Specialized Skills

In the field of archaeology, possessing specialized skills can make you more employable and help you to stand out from the crowd.

These skills may range from proficiency in a foreign language, cartography, illustration to photography, and geographic information systems (GIS) capabilities.

Foreign language skills are vital if you plan to work in areas where the native language isn’t English.

It allows you to effectively communicate with local communities, understand historical documents, and work collaboratively with international teams.

Knowledge of cartography and GIS is valuable for producing maps and spatial data about archaeological sites.

These skills also help in planning fieldwork, analyzing distribution patterns of artifacts, and presenting spatial data in a meaningful way.

If you’re interested in palaeolithic archaeology, you might want to learn stone tool production techniques.

It can help you understand how ancient tools were made and used.

Technical skills such as illustration and photography are also important as archaeologists often need to document finds and sites through drawings and photographs.

Consider gaining these specialized skills through additional courses, self-study, or practical experience.

Remember, the specific skills you choose to learn should align with your interests and the area of archaeology you wish to work in.

Step 5: Learn to Analyze Artifacts and Ecofacts

One critical skill that every archaeologist must possess is the ability to analyze artifacts and ecofacts.

These are the tangible materials left behind by past cultures that provide insights into their lifestyle, behavior, and activities.

As an archaeologist, you will be expected to collect, identify, catalog, and interpret these materials.

Artifacts include objects made or modified by humans, such as tools, pottery, or weapons.

Ecofacts, on the other hand, consist of environmental remains that have cultural significance, like plant remains, animal bones, or soil samples.

You will need to understand how to examine these items closely, determine their origin, date them accurately, and interpret what they reveal about the culture that produced them.

Training in this area can often be obtained during your undergraduate or graduate studies.

Courses in archaeological laboratory methods, material culture studies, and artifact conservation can help you build these skills.

Additionally, participating in fieldwork, such as archaeological digs or surveys, can provide you with practical experience in artifact and ecofact analysis.

You will learn to use tools like brushes, trowels, screens, and other equipment to carefully extract and preserve these materials.

You will also learn to use laboratory equipment for analysis, such as microscopes, spectrometers, and radiocarbon dating techniques.

Ultimately, your ability to analyze artifacts and ecofacts will play a significant role in your ability to uncover and interpret the secrets of the past.

This skill not only advances our understanding of human history but also contributes to the preservation of cultural heritage.

Step 6: Complete Advanced Degrees

Advanced degrees are often crucial for archaeologists who wish to undertake specialized research or take on leadership positions in the field.

A master’s degree in archaeology or a related subject such as anthropology or history is a common requirement for many roles.

This program typically includes coursework, fieldwork, and a thesis, providing you with a comprehensive understanding of archaeological techniques, theories, and history.

If you aspire to become a university professor or to lead major research projects, obtaining a PhD in archaeology is usually required.

This involves conducting extensive research in a chosen area of archaeology and defending a dissertation.

It can take several years to complete a PhD, but the depth of knowledge and expertise you gain can open the doors to a wide range of professional opportunities.

During your advanced studies, try to gain experience in a particular specialty that interests you, such as marine archaeology, forensic archaeology, or the archaeology of a specific region or period.

Specializing in one area can make you more competitive in the job market and help define your career path.

Furthermore, consider participating in archaeological field schools or internships, which offer practical training and can help you establish professional connections in the field.

These experiences can be invaluable for your career development and future job prospects as an archaeologist.

Step 7: Obtain Professional Certification

While not always mandatory, gaining professional certification can be a crucial step in advancing your career as an archaeologist.

Certification can demonstrate a certain level of expertise and dedication in your field, which can increase your employability and opportunities for career progression.

In the United States, the Register of Professional Archaeologists (RPA) provides a recognized certification program.

The certification requires a master’s degree in anthropology or archaeology, a specific amount of work experience, and adherence to a code of conduct.

If you’re pursuing a career in marine archaeology, certification from the Nautical Archaeology Society or a similar organization can be advantageous.

Getting certified may also involve passing an examination, which assesses your skills, knowledge, and understanding of archaeological principles and practices.

It’s crucial to prepare well for this exam and may need to undertake additional courses or study in your own time to ensure you pass.

Remember, each certification has its own set of requirements, fees, and renewal processes, so you’ll need to research which one is most suitable for your career path and long-term goals.

Step 8: Network in Archaeological Circles

Networking is a crucial step in your journey to becoming a successful archaeologist.

Engage with professionals in the field, join archaeological societies, and attend archaeological conferences, seminars, and workshops.

These platforms allow you to connect with like-minded individuals, learn from experts, and stay updated on the latest research and excavation projects.

You can also make use of online platforms.

Many professional archaeologists and organizations have a strong presence online, making it easier to connect with them and learn about the field.

Utilize social media platforms, join online forums, and participate in webinars to expand your network.

Volunteering is another fantastic way to network.

Many archaeological sites require volunteers.

This not only gives you hands-on experience but also allows you to meet professionals who can provide guidance and potentially offer job opportunities.

Lastly, consider publishing your research in archaeological journals or presenting at conferences.

This can help you to establish yourself as a knowledgeable professional in the field and can lead to further networking opportunities.

Remember, networking is an ongoing process that requires active participation and engagement.

Step 9: Become Proficient in Research and Writing

As you advance in your career as an archaeologist, you will need to become proficient in both research and writing.

Most professional archaeologists are expected to contribute to the body of knowledge within the field, which means conducting independent research, analyzing your findings, and sharing them in written form.

Research skills are fundamental to an archaeologist’s work, as you will need to systematically investigate archaeological sites, artifacts, and other historical data.

You will need to form hypotheses, gather and analyze data, and reach conclusions based on your findings.

This often involves mastery of various research methods and tools, and can also entail coordinating and leading teams of researchers.

Writing is equally important, as you must be able to communicate your research findings effectively.

This can involve writing reports for your employer, preparing academic papers for publication in scholarly journals, or even writing books or articles for the general public.

You may also be called upon to write grant proposals to secure funding for your research.

To develop these skills, you might take graduate-level courses in research methods and academic writing, or attend workshops or seminars on these topics.

Experience is also a great teacher, so take every opportunity to practice and refine your research and writing skills throughout your career.

You can also seek mentorship from more experienced archaeologists, who can provide valuable feedback and guidance.

Step 10: Apply for Jobs and Pursue Academic Positions

After you have completed your education and gained some field experience, you should start applying for jobs in the field of archaeology.

Positions can be found in many different settings such as universities, museums, government agencies, and private consulting firms.

Job titles might include: Field Archaeologist, Research Archaeologist, Museum Curator, Archaeological Analyst, or Cultural Resource Manager.

Make sure to tailor your application and CV to highlight your relevant skills, experiences and areas of expertise for each specific role you apply for.

This may include fieldwork experience, project management skills, or proficiency in a particular research method or technology.

Academic positions at universities often require a PhD, so if you are interested in teaching or research at a university level, it’s important to have pursued a doctoral degree.

Such positions may involve teaching undergraduate or graduate courses, carrying out your own research projects and contributing to the academic community through publishing research and attending conferences.

Whether you’re applying for professional or academic positions, it’s crucial to network within the archaeological community.

Attend conferences, join professional organizations, and maintain relationships with your professors and colleagues.

These connections can often lead to job opportunities and collaborations in the field.

Step 11: Stay Informed About New Discoveries and Technologies

As an archaeologist, it is crucial to stay updated on the latest findings, techniques, and technologies in your field.

Developments in technologies like ground-penetrating radar, remote sensing, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can revolutionize how you conduct your research and excavations.

Attending conferences, seminars, and workshops can provide valuable insights into the latest research trends and allow you to network with other professionals in your field.

Reading scholarly articles and professional archaeology journals can also keep you informed about the latest discoveries and theories.

Moreover, consider joining professional organizations or societies for archaeologists.

These platforms often provide access to a community of professionals, continuing education opportunities, and the latest news and updates in the field.

Remember, staying informed will not only improve your work quality but also provide opportunities for career advancement.

Don’t forget to integrate what you learn into your research and fieldwork, as this will make you a more competent and effective archaeologist.

Step 12: Engage in Continuous Professional Development

As an archaeologist, it is critical to engage in continuous professional development.

This not only keeps your skills and knowledge up to date, but also allows you to stay connected with the latest research, theories, and technological advancements in the field of archaeology.

You can engage in professional development through a variety of methods.

For instance, you could attend workshops, seminars, or conferences related to archaeology.

These events often offer the opportunity to meet and network with other professionals in the field, and can provide valuable insight into recent developments and trends.

Additionally, you may consider subscribing to relevant academic journals, reading books, or following blogs about archaeology.

This will help you stay abreast of the latest research and discoveries in the field.

Continuing education courses can also be beneficial for professional development.

These courses, which may be offered through universities or professional organizations, can help you learn new skills, deepen your understanding of certain topics, or become proficient in new technologies or methodologies.

Finally, becoming a member of a professional organization, such as the Archaeological Institute of America, can also aid in your professional development.

These organizations often provide resources such as training programs, research opportunities, and networking events that can enhance your career.

Remember, as an archaeologist, you are not only a researcher, but also a lifelong learner.

Staying engaged in your professional development is key to maintaining your expertise and advancing in your career.

Archaeologist Roles and Responsibilities

Archaeologists study past human activity by recovering and analysing material culture.

They play a crucial role in preserving history and contributing to our understanding of previous civilizations.

They have the following roles and responsibilities:

Excavation and Research

Plan, conduct, and supervise archaeological excavations and surveys.
Perform research to reconstruct records of past human life and culture.
Use a variety of techniques such as geophysical surveys and aerial photography in excavation.

Data Analysis

Analyze archaeological data, interpret findings, and reconstruct aspects of past human societies.
Identify and classify artifacts, features, and structures discovered during fieldwork.
Use scientific tests like carbon dating to determine the age of artifacts.

Conservation and Preservation

Preserve sites and artifacts to ensure they can be studied in the future.
Work with local communities and government bodies to protect archaeological sites.

Documentation

Document the process and findings of the archaeological excavation.
Create maps, drawings, and detailed notes of discoveries.
Maintain a database of archaeological finds and their locations.

Communication and Collaboration

Collaborate with interdisciplinary teams of archaeologists, anthropologists, geologists, and historians.
Present findings to the public, scholars, and governmental agencies.
Contribute to the publication of excavation reports and academic papers.

Teaching and Mentoring

Teach or guide students who are studying archaeology.
Provide guidance to junior archaeologists and volunteers on site.

Funding and Grant Writing

Write proposals to secure funding for research projects.
Manage budgets and resources for archaeological projects.

Continuing Education

Stay updated with latest archaeological theories and techniques.
Participate in conferences, seminars, and training programs.
Conduct research and contribute to scholarly articles and publications.

Legal Compliance

Adhere to local, national, and international laws and guidelines related to archaeological practice.
Ensure all necessary permits and approvals are in place before starting an excavation.

What Does an Archaeologist Do?

Archaeologists are professionals who study human history and prehistory through the excavation and analysis of artifacts, structures, and other physical remains.

They plan and manage archaeological research projects, design and implement field studies, and monitor the collection of artifacts.

This work often involves physically demanding tasks such as digging, sifting, and surveying.

The artifacts they unearth, like tools, pottery, and bones, are carefully cleaned, cataloged, and analyzed to learn about their origin, function, and significance.

These findings can shed light on past cultures, civilizations, behaviors, and events.

Archaeologists also analyze data, prepare reports of their findings and often publish research papers or books on their discoveries.

They may present their findings to the public, scholars, or cultural resource management policies.

Preservation of archaeological sites and artifacts is a crucial part of an archaeologist’s job.

They often work with local communities, government agencies, and heritage organizations to ensure the protection of cultural resources.

Archaeologists may specialize in a particular geographic area, a specific period, or a specific type of artifact.

They can work for research institutions, museums, government agencies, or private firms, and some archaeologists teach at universities.

Essential Archaeologist Skills

Fieldwork: Archaeologists often spend a significant amount of time on fieldwork. The ability to conduct excavations, surveys, and collect data effectively is essential.
Research: Archaeologists must be adept at conducting academic research, including literature reviews, historical context analysis, and synthesizing information from various sources.
Analysis: This includes analyzing artifacts, structures, and other findings to understand their historical or cultural significance. Knowledge of laboratory techniques and methodologies is crucial.
Critical Thinking: Archaeologists should possess the ability to interpret data, identify patterns, and draw conclusions about past human behavior, societies, and cultures.
Attention to Detail: The study of ancient cultures and civilizations requires a keen eye for detail. From excavating artifacts to documenting findings, precision and accuracy are vital.
Communication: Clear and concise communication skills are necessary for presenting research findings, writing academic papers, and collaborating with other researchers and archaeologists.
Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Proficiency in GIS helps archaeologists in mapping and analyzing spatial data, which is crucial in archaeological research.
Physical Stamina: Fieldwork in archaeology can be physically demanding, requiring long hours of digging, standing, and bending. Good physical health and stamina are important.
Knowledge of Historical Periods: An in-depth understanding of different historical periods, civilizations, and cultures is fundamental to the role of an archaeologist.
Archaeological Theory: Familiarity with archaeological theories and methodologies helps in interpreting archaeological findings and data.
Data Management: Skills in data management are necessary for organizing, storing, and retrieving vast amounts of research data efficiently.
Teamwork: Much of archaeological work is collaborative, requiring archaeologists to work effectively with other team members, share knowledge, and contribute to collective research objectives.
Curatorial Skills: These include preserving, cataloguing, and managing artifacts and collections, often in a museum or similar setting.
Adaptability: Due to the unpredictable nature of archaeological finds, archaeologists must be able to adapt their research plans and methodologies as required.
Cultural Sensitivity: Understanding and respecting the cultures and societies being studied is crucial, particularly when working on sites of significant cultural or spiritual importance.

Archaeologist Career Path Progression

The Foundation: Junior Archaeologist

The journey typically begins as a Junior Archaeologist.

This is a time for learning, gaining field experience, and understanding the basics of archaeological research and excavations.

Your responsibilities may include assisting in fieldwork, documentation, and lab analysis.

Here are some tips for success in this role:

Learn Continuously: Stay up-to-date with the latest archaeological theories and methodologies.
Seek Mentorship: Learn from experienced archaeologists and take their feedback constructively.
Contribute Actively: Show enthusiasm in fieldwork and take ownership of your assigned tasks.

The Ascent: Archaeologist

With more experience and knowledge, you’ll transition into the role of an Archaeologist.

You’ll manage more complex projects, participate in significant research, and become a key part of the archaeological team.

Here’s how to thrive in this stage:

Research Skills: Enhance your research skills by undertaking challenging archaeological projects.
Collaboration: Work effectively with your team members, historians, and other stakeholders.
Documentation: Develop skills in accurately documenting and reporting archaeological findings.

Reaching New Heights: Senior Archaeologist

The next step in your career is to become a Senior Archaeologist.

In this position, you’re recognized for your expertise and leadership.

You may take on supervisory roles, contribute to strategic decisions, and lead archaeological projects.

To excel as a Senior Archaeologist:

Mentorship: Share your knowledge and help junior archaeologists grow.
Archaeological Insights: Use your experience to provide insightful interpretations of archaeological findings.
Leadership: Lead by example and inspire others with your work ethic and research abilities.

Beyond the Horizon: Lead Roles and Beyond

As your career progresses, you may choose to specialize in a particular area of archaeology, become a Project Manager, or a Site Director.

Each of these roles involves greater responsibilities, leadership, and strategic decision-making.

Here’s what to focus on:

Technical Leadership: Drive archaeological initiatives and shape the direction of your projects and teams.
Management Skills: If you transition into management, develop strong leadership and communication skills to guide your team effectively.
Innovation: Continue to explore new archaeological theories and methodologies.

Pinnacle of Success: Director of Archaeology or Museum Curator

You may reach roles like Director of Archaeology or Museum Curator at the highest levels of the archaeology career ladder.

Here, you’ll be responsible for shaping the overall strategy of archaeological research, making critical decisions, and managing larger teams or institutions.

Archaeologist Salary

Entry-Level Archaeologist

Median Salary: $36,000 – $44,000 per year
Entry-level archaeologists typically have 0-2 years of experience and hold a Bachelor’s degree in archaeology or a related field. They perform basic field and lab work under the guidance of more experienced professionals.

Mid-Level Archaeologist

Median Salary: $45,000 – $58,000 per year
Mid-level archaeologists usually have 2-5 years of experience and often hold a Master’s degree in archaeology or a related field. They may be responsible for managing smaller projects or aspects of larger ones, and often supervise junior staff.

Senior Archaeologist

Median Salary: $60,000 – $80,000 per year
Senior archaeologists generally have 5+ years of experience and a Ph.D. in archaeology or a related field. They often lead projects, develop research proposals, and publish findings in scholarly journals.

Archaeology Project Manager

Median Salary: $70,000 – $90,000+ per year
These roles usually require significant experience and the ability to manage complex projects, coordinate teams, and handle administrative and budgetary responsibilities.

Director of Archaeology / Professor of Archaeology

Median Salary: $80,000 – $130,000+ per year
These high-level positions require extensive experience, deep knowledge in the field of archaeology, and often involve setting research agendas, overseeing large projects, and teaching at universities.

Archaeologist Work Environment

Archaeologists typically work in a diverse range of settings depending on their area of expertise.

This can include outdoor archaeological sites, laboratories, museums, and offices.

Fieldwork, often in remote locations, is an integral part of an archaeologist’s job.

This could involve working in all kinds of weather and physically demanding conditions, including digging and lifting.

In laboratories, they conduct detailed analyses of artifacts and specimens.

This could involve long hours of meticulous work requiring precision and patience.

At museums or universities, archaeologists might work in research positions, where they write reports on their findings or teach about their area of expertise.

Travel is often a significant part of the job, as archaeologists may need to visit sites around the world.

Work schedules can vary, and may include long hours during field work, interspersed with periods of analysis and report writing.

The work of an archaeologist can also involve collaboration with diverse teams, including other archaeologists, anthropologists, local communities, and government agencies.

FAQs About Becoming an Archaeologist

What is needed to become an archaeologist?

To become an archaeologist, you typically need a strong foundation in history, anthropology, and archaeology.

This can be gained through formal education, such as a bachelor’s or master’s degree in archaeology or a related field.

Key skills include field research, analytical skills, ability to use specialized tools and techniques, and knowledge of historical periods and cultures.

Apart from these, soft skills like patience, perseverance, and attention to detail are also important in this field.

How long does it take to be an archaeologist?

The time it takes to become an archaeologist can vary depending on your educational path.

If you pursue a traditional bachelor’s degree in archaeology, it typically takes four years.

A master’s degree can take an additional two years, while a PhD can take up to six years.

Gaining practical experience through internships, field work, or assisting in archaeological digs can also help you become job-ready.

Can I be an archaeologist without a degree?

While it is possible to work on archaeological sites without a degree, becoming a professional archaeologist typically requires a minimum of a bachelor’s degree in archaeology or a related field.

Higher-level positions or roles in academia generally require a master’s or PhD.

That being said, volunteering or interning at archaeological sites or museums can provide valuable experience and could potentially lead to job opportunities.

Is archaeology a stressful job?

Archaeology can be a demanding job at times, as it often involves extensive field work, physically strenuous activities, and the need to work in various weather conditions.

However, the level of stress can vary depending on the specific role, project, and individual’s coping strategies.

Many archaeologists find the work to be intellectually stimulating and rewarding, which can offset the stress.

What are the prospects for archaeologists in the next decade?

The job outlook for archaeologists is projected to grow at a slower rate than average over the next decade.

However, there are still opportunities in cultural resource management, academia, and government agencies.

Additionally, the increasing use of technology in archaeology, such as GIS and remote sensing, could open up new avenues in the field.

Conclusion

And there you have it.

Embarking on a journey to become an archaeologist is certainly no walk in the park, but the rewards are indisputable.

Equipped with the right education, skill set, and tenacity, you’re on the precipice of making significant contributions to the understanding of our past.

Remember, the road may be rugged, but the possibilities are boundless. Your discoveries could reshape our perception of history and shed new light on forgotten civilizations.

So, make that initial leap. Immerse yourself in study. Engage with professionals in the field. And most importantly, never stop exploring.

Because the world is waiting for the knowledge you can unearth.

And if you’re seeking tailored guidance on beginning or progressing your career in archaeology, explore our AI Career Path Advisor.

This complimentary tool is designed to offer bespoke advice and resources to help you traverse your career journey effectively.

The Unconventional Career Chase: Unusual Jobs That Are Worth It

Downturn Defying Careers: Jobs That Withstand Economic Strain

The Future of Work: How AI is Reshaping Careers

The No-Sweat Job List: Careers That Keep Your Pulse Low