How to Become an Enroute Controller (Flying High in Future!)

If you’ve ever dreamed of steering aircraft on their route or wondered what it takes to become an enroute controller, you’re in the right place.
In this guide, we’ll explore the EXACT steps you need to take to launch your career as an enroute controller. We’ll talk about:
- The skills you need.
- The education that can help you get there.
- How to land a job as an enroute controller.
So, whether you’re a beginner with a passion for aviation or an experienced individual looking to shift careers, stay tuned.
We’re about to reveal the blueprint to become an enroute controller.
Let’s get started!
Steps to Become an Enroute Controller
Step 1: Understand the Role of an Enroute Controller
Before starting your journey towards becoming an Enroute Controller, it’s crucial to understand the specific responsibilities and skills required for this role.
An Enroute Controller, also known as Air Traffic Controller, ensures the safe and orderly flow of aircraft on a specified route during the enroute phase of flight.
They manage aircraft within their assigned air space, providing instructions for altitude and speed adjustments, and guiding pilots around bad weather.
An Enroute Controller requires a strong understanding of aviation rules and regulations, excellent communication skills, the ability to make quick decisions under pressure, and a high level of concentration.
They also need to have in-depth knowledge of navigation and radar systems.
Understanding these elements can help you determine if you have the skills and interest to pursue a career as an Enroute Controller.
Start by researching the role, talking to professionals in the field, and familiarizing yourself with the aviation industry.
It would be beneficial to spend time understanding the day-to-day life of an Enroute Controller to know what to expect and to decide if this is the right career for you.
Step 2: Obtain a High School Diploma
The first step towards becoming an Enroute Controller is to complete your high school education.
This role requires a strong foundation in math and physics, which are usually taught at the high school level.
It’s important to focus on these subjects and understand them thoroughly as they will be used extensively in your future training and on the job.
In addition to these subjects, developing skills in communication, problem-solving, and decision-making during high school can be very beneficial for a career as an Enroute Controller.
These skills are critical for this role as you will need to effectively communicate with pilots, make quick decisions, and solve problems in real-time.
After high school, many aspiring Enroute Controllers choose to earn a degree in aviation or a related field, although it’s not a mandatory requirement.
However, having a relevant degree might enhance your chances of being selected for the FAA’s Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI) program, which is often a stepping stone towards becoming an Enroute Controller.
Step 3: Obtain a Bachelor’s Degree (Recommended, Not Mandatory)
Although it’s not mandatory, many prospective Enroute Controllers find it beneficial to obtain a bachelor’s degree in a relevant field such as aviation, air traffic control, or aeronautics.
This provides a solid foundation of knowledge about the aviation industry and equips you with skills that could be advantageous in your career.
During your studies, you’ll learn about airport management, aviation safety, air traffic control operations, aviation law, and aircraft systems, amongst other topics.
This knowledge will help you to understand the intricacies of the role of an Enroute Controller, which involves guiding aircraft safely through their enroute phase of flight.
Having a degree can also give you an edge when applying for the FAA Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI) program, which can be a stepping stone towards becoming an Enroute Controller.
Additionally, it can open up possibilities for career advancement and specialization within air traffic control.
Remember that the FAA provides specific guidelines on educational requirements, so it’s important to ensure that any degree program you choose aligns with these.
It’s also advisable to gain some practical experience through internships or work placements within the aviation industry, to complement your academic learning.
Step 4: Complete an Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI) Program
The Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI) Program is an FAA-approved program that provides a clear pathway towards becoming an Enroute Controller.
This program is offered at colleges and universities across the United States and provides the necessary training and education required for this role.
The AT-CTI program typically includes courses in aviation weather, air traffic control, aviation safety, aviation law, navigation, and other related topics.
The program is designed to provide a broad understanding of the air traffic control system, as well as specific knowledge and skills needed for the job.
Upon successful completion of the AT-CTI program, graduates may be recommended by their school for consideration by the FAA for an air traffic control position.
However, this is not a guarantee of employment and graduates must still meet other FAA requirements, including passing the Air Traffic Skills Assessment (ATSA) and a medical examination.
In addition to the AT-CTI program, gaining experience through internships or part-time jobs in the aviation industry can also be beneficial.
This can provide practical experience and a better understanding of the day-to-day operations of an air traffic controller.
Remember, the path to becoming an Enroute Controller is a rigorous one and requires a strong commitment to learning and developing a deep understanding of air traffic control systems and procedures.
Step 5: Pass the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Pre-Employment Test
To become an Enroute Controller, one of the essential steps is passing the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) pre-employment test.
This exam is designed to assess your aptitude in areas critical to success in air traffic control, including mathematical reasoning, reading comprehension, and three-dimensional visualization.
Before you take the FAA pre-employment test, it’s recommended to thoroughly prepare.
You might find it beneficial to review subjects such as mathematics, physics, and geography, all of which are relevant to air traffic control.
The FAA provides some study materials, and there are additional resources available online and in bookstores.
The test is usually administered at an FAA facility and is computer-based.
Depending on the specific test, it may include scenarios that simulate air traffic control situations to evaluate how you would handle them.
Passing this test is critical to proceed to the next step of the hiring process.
If you fail, you may be allowed to retake it after a waiting period, but multiple failures could disqualify you from consideration for an Enroute Controller position.
Therefore, serious preparation is key.
After passing the FAA pre-employment test, you will be closer to securing your position as an Enroute Controller, allowing you to coordinate the safe and efficient movement of aircraft within assigned airspace.
Step 6: Complete the FAA Air Traffic Control Academy
Upon completing your education and obtaining necessary qualifications, the next step in becoming an Enroute Controller is to complete the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) Air Traffic Control Academy.
This program provides you with the necessary training and knowledge to become an enroute controller, including both classroom instruction and simulations.
During your time at the academy, you will learn about air navigation, separation standards, weather, regulations, equipment and more.
The academy also includes a significant amount of hands-on training in which you’ll practice controlling simulated air traffic in a variety of challenging scenarios.
Upon successful completion of the academy, you will be assigned to an air traffic control facility where you will undergo additional on-the-job training.
This hands-on experience will allow you to apply the knowledge and skills you learned at the academy in a real-world environment.
It’s important to note that being selected for the FAA Air Traffic Control Academy is highly competitive.
It is important to maintain a good academic record, stay in good physical health, and demonstrate strong problem-solving skills, as these factors can impact your application.
Be prepared for rigorous training and a challenging, but rewarding, career upon graduation from the Academy.
Step 7: Gain On-the-Job Training as a Developmental Controller
After you’ve passed the AT-SAT and completed the Air Traffic Control Academy, you will be assigned to an Air Route Traffic Control Center as a developmental controller.
This is where your real training begins.
As a developmental controller, you will gain on-the-job training under the supervision of an experienced controller.
You will work with real air traffic, but all your actions will be supervised and must be approved by a certified controller.
You will gradually be given more responsibilities as you gain experience and prove your abilities.
This training period allows you to apply the theoretical knowledge you’ve gained at the Academy to real-world situations.
During this time, you will learn about procedures and equipment specific to your facility and the airspace it controls.
You will learn how to coordinate with other facilities, manage traffic flow, respond to emergencies, and more.
The training is rigorous and demanding, but it is also a crucial step in becoming a fully-qualified enroute controller.
In addition to on-the-job training, you may also need to complete additional courses or training programs, depending on the requirements of your facility.
These may cover topics such as weather, aircraft performance, and advanced radar techniques.
Remember, becoming proficient in this role takes time, patience, and a lot of practice.
The more experience you gain, the better equipped you will be to handle the complex and dynamic situations that can arise in air traffic control.
Step 8: Pass the FAA’s Enroute Controller Exam
After completing your training, the next step to become an Enroute Controller is to pass the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Enroute Controller Exam.
This is an essential prerequisite for this role, as it tests your skills, knowledge, and preparedness to control high-altitude enroute air traffic.
The exam will evaluate your understanding of the subjects you have learned during your training, including radar identification, aircraft separation, weather patterns, and emergency procedures.
The exam is designed to ensure that you can handle the responsibilities of managing air traffic in an enroute environment, ensuring aircraft maintain safe distances from each other while enroute to their destinations.
Preparing for this exam requires diligent study and understanding of all course materials covered in your training.
Utilize all resources available to you, such as study guides, practice tests, and mentor guidance, to ensure you are fully prepared.
Upon passing the exam, you will be officially recognized as a certified Enroute Controller by the FAA.
This certification is crucial to progressing further in your career and landing a job in this role.
Remember that maintaining this certification requires ongoing training and staying updated with the latest aviation regulations and safety procedures.
Step 9: Continuously Stay Updated with Technological Changes and Regulations
As an Enroute Controller, technology and aviation regulations form an integral part of your career.
Therefore, it is crucial to stay updated with the latest advancements in aviation technology and changes in aviation rules and regulations.
New technologies are constantly being implemented in the aviation industry to improve safety and efficiency.
These can include new radar systems, navigation tools, or software that help in air traffic management.
To perform your job effectively, you need to understand how to operate these new tools and systems.
Attend training sessions, webinars, and workshops offered by your employer or industry organizations to enhance your knowledge and skills.
In addition, the aviation industry is heavily regulated, and these regulations can frequently change.
It’s necessary to be aware of any changes in national or international aviation rules, as these will impact your responsibilities and the procedures you must follow.
Regularly review updates from regulatory bodies like the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
Remember, continuous learning and adapting to new changes is a part of your job role.
It not only ensures your competence but also enhances your career growth in the long run.
Step 10: Maintain Medical and Security Clearances
As an Enroute Controller, it is essential to maintain medical and security clearances throughout your career.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) requires controllers to pass a medical examination every year or two, depending on age.
This examination assesses your general health, vision, hearing, and cardiovascular system to ensure you are fit to perform your duties.
It is critical to keep a healthy lifestyle to meet these standards consistently.
Similarly, the FAA also requires all controllers to undergo a security clearance process.
This involves a comprehensive background check to ensure you have no criminal history that might pose a threat to national security.
You’ll need to maintain a clean record to uphold this clearance throughout your career.
Also, be aware that the FAA has a zero-tolerance policy on substance abuse.
Therefore, you may be subjected to random drug and alcohol testing to ensure workplace safety and the integrity of the aviation system.
In conclusion, maintaining medical and security clearances are continuous steps you’ll need to undertake to establish and sustain a successful career as an Enroute Controller.
Step 11: Continually Develop Skills and Knowledge through Professional Development Opportunities
As an Enroute Controller, continuous development of your skills and knowledge is integral for staying at the top of your profession.
You can advance your career and increase your competency by participating in various professional development opportunities.
These might include attending industry conferences, workshops, and seminars to keep abreast of the latest developments and techniques in air traffic control.
Some of these events might focus on new technologies, policy updates, or safety protocols, among others.
Participating in such activities can provide networking opportunities with other professionals in the field and enhance your expertise.
Another option might be enrolling in advanced courses or training programs related to air traffic control.
These programs could focus on specific areas such as emergency management, advanced weather prediction, or navigation systems.
Gaining additional certifications can further enhance your credibility as an Enroute Controller and may lead to increased responsibilities and career advancement opportunities.
Finally, remember that technology is continually evolving in the aviation industry.
Stay updated on the latest software systems, equipment, and navigation tools used in air traffic control.
This can be achieved through online courses, in-house training programs, or self-study.
Remember that the goal is not just to maintain your current level of competence but to enhance your skills and abilities, making you more effective and efficient in your role as an Enroute Controller.
Step 12: Apply for Enroute Controller Positions.
Once you’ve completed the required training and obtained your Air Traffic Control Specialist Certificate, it’s time to apply for enroute controller positions.
Start with identifying open positions at the FAA or NAV CANADA, private air traffic control companies, or even military bases.
Utilize job search websites and professional networks to find relevant job postings.
Tailor your resume and cover letter to each specific job application, highlighting your certifications, skills, and any relevant experience.
It’s crucial to demonstrate your knowledge of air traffic control principles, procedures, and technologies, as well as your ability to make quick decisions and handle high-pressure situations.
If you’re a recent graduate, don’t be discouraged if you don’t have much experience yet.
Highlight any internships or training programs you’ve completed, as well as any relevant skills or experiences from other jobs or activities.
After submitting your application, prepare for potential interviews.
Review common interview questions, practice your responses, and research the company or agency you’re applying to.
You may be required to complete additional assessments or simulations as part of the application process.
Remember to follow up after the interview, thanking the interviewers for their time and reiterating your interest in the position.
Keep in mind, patience is key.
Landing an enroute controller position can be a competitive process and may take some time.
Stay persistent, continue to enhance your skills, and always be ready for new opportunities.
Enroute Controller Roles and Responsibilities
Enroute Controllers, also known as Air Traffic Controllers, are responsible for the safe, orderly, and expeditious flow of air traffic in the global air traffic control system.
They use radar, computers, or visual references to monitor and direct the movement of aircraft in the air and on the ground.
They have the following roles and responsibilities:
Air Traffic Control
- Monitor and direct the movement of aircraft on the ground and in the air.
- Use radar and other electronic equipment to track flights.
- Issue landing and take-off instructions to pilots.
Communication
- Communicate clear and concise instructions, advisories, and information to pilots.
- Maintain continuous contact with the pilots, dispatchers, and other ground services.
- Receive and relay information about weather changes and emergency situations.
Coordination
- Coordinate flight paths, arrange changes in altitude, speed, and route of aircraft.
- Manage air traffic within assigned airspace to ensure minimum spacing standards.
- Coordinate with other controllers to manage aircraft within their controlled airspace.
Emergency Handling
- Take immediate decisions during emergencies or when weather conditions change.
- Guide pilots during emergency situations, such as loss of communications or engine failures.
Flight Data Processing
- Process and interpret data from radar and weather sensors.
- Manage and adjust flight routes based on this data.
Documentation
- Record details of all communication and coordination done during a shift.
- Update flight plan data and keep track of aircraft logs.
Training and Continuous Learning
- Participate in ongoing training to keep current with changing technology and new procedures.
- Keep updated with changes in aviation regulations and safety procedures.
Teamwork
- Work closely with a team of other air traffic controllers, dispatchers, meteorologists, and ground crew.
- Participate in regular meetings and briefings to ensure smooth operations.
Safety
- Adhere to strict safety procedures to ensure the safety of all aircraft within their control.
- Conduct regular checks of all equipment and report any malfunctions immediately.
Problem Solving
- Analyze complex situations under pressure and make quick decisions to ensure safety.
- Resolve conflicts between flight paths to prevent possible collisions.
What Does an Enroute Controller Do?
Enroute Controllers, also known as Air Traffic Controllers, primarily work for the government, military, or private aviation companies.
Their main responsibility is to ensure the safe, orderly, and swift flow of air traffic in the global air traffic control system.
They monitor aircraft en route by tracking them on radar and by maintaining radio communication with the pilots.
They provide navigational assistance, convey weather updates, and manage aircraft in the event of emergencies.
Enroute Controllers clear the path for takeoffs and landings, and provide aircraft with crucial information about altitude, speed, and direction.
They ensure that aircraft maintain a safe distance from each other during their flights to avoid collisions.
In addition to these tasks, Enroute Controllers also coordinate the movement of aircraft within the airspace, organize aircraft traffic to minimize delays, and facilitate the movement of aircraft between different control centers.
Their work requires a deep understanding of the laws and regulations related to air traffic, as well as excellent communication skills, as they are the primary point of contact for pilots during their flights.
Their role is crucial in maintaining the safety and efficiency of air travel.
Essential Enroute Controller Skills
- Communication: Enroute controllers need to have excellent communication skills to relay information to pilots, other air traffic controllers, and ground personnel accurately and quickly.
- Problem-solving: The ability to quickly identify issues and come up with effective solutions is vital. They have to resolve a variety of situations including rerouting planes due to weather conditions or emergencies.
- Geographical Knowledge: Enroute controllers must have a solid understanding of the geographic area they are responsible for to guide aircraft safely and efficiently.
- Concentration: The ability to concentrate for extended periods is crucial as they constantly monitor multiple screens and communicate with several aircraft at the same time.
- Decision-making: Making quick and correct decisions is crucial in this role. Controllers must be decisive to prevent any potential risks or accidents.
- Stress Management: The ability to handle stress is essential due to the high-stakes nature of this job. They are responsible for the safety of thousands of passengers daily.
- Navigation Systems: Proficiency in using various navigation systems and air traffic control software is required to monitor and guide aircraft.
- Mathematical Aptitude: Controllers must have strong math skills as they often need to perform calculations related to altitude, speed, and distance.
- Teamwork: Collaboration is key in this role as enroute controllers work with tower controllers, pilots, and ground personnel to ensure the smooth flow of traffic.
- Weather Knowledge: Understanding weather patterns and their impact on flight paths is critical. Controllers must be able to adjust routes in response to changing weather conditions.
- Regulatory Compliance: Controllers need to be aware of and comply with all relevant federal regulations and procedures related to air traffic control.
- Multitasking: Balancing multiple tasks simultaneously, such as communicating with several aircraft and monitoring radar screens, is a daily requirement for enroute controllers.
- Physical Health: Enroute controllers must maintain good physical health, including vision and hearing, to perform their duties effectively.
- Attention to Detail: The role requires a high level of precision, so attention to detail is crucial to avoid any mistakes that could potentially lead to serious consequences.
- Training: Controllers should undergo rigorous training to stay updated with the latest technology and safety protocols. Continuing education is essential in this role.
Enroute Controller Career Path Progression
The Foundation: Air Traffic Control Trainee
Your journey typically starts as an Air Traffic Control Trainee.
This is a learning stage where you’re introduced to the basics of air traffic control.
Your responsibilities may include basic training, learning the rules and regulations, and understanding how to manage air traffic.
Here are some tips for success in this role:
- Continuous Learning: Keep abreast with the updates in aviation laws and air traffic control procedures.
- Seek Mentorship: Learn from experienced air traffic controllers and ask for their guidance.
- Adaptability: Be adaptable to changing circumstances and be able to make quick decisions.
The Ascent: Junior Enroute Controller
Once you’ve completed your training, you’ll transition into the role of a Junior Enroute Controller.
You’ll take on more responsibilities in managing air traffic, working under the supervision of more experienced controllers.
Here’s how to thrive in this stage:
- Enhance Decision-Making Skills: Improve your decision-making skills as you will be dealing with aircrafts in real time.
- Effective Communication: Clear and concise communication is crucial in this role to avoid any miscommunications that could lead to mishaps.
- Stress Management: Learn to handle stress effectively as you’ll often be working under pressure.
Reaching New Heights: Enroute Controller
The next step in your career is becoming an Enroute Controller.
At this stage, you’re fully responsible for guiding aircrafts through controlled airspace.
You’ll be taking on more complex tasks and making important decisions.
To excel in this role:
- Competency: Maintain a high level of competence in air traffic control procedures and regulations.
- Leadership: Show leadership in managing situations, especially during emergencies.
- Teamwork: Work well with other controllers and pilots to ensure safe and efficient air traffic.
Beyond the Horizon: Lead Enroute Controller
As your career progresses, you may become a Lead Enroute Controller.
In this role, you’ll manage a team of enroute controllers and handle more strategic aspects of air traffic management.
Here’s what to focus on:
- Leadership Skills: Provide guidance and support to your team of controllers.
- Strategic Planning: Plan and implement strategies for efficient air traffic control.
- Continuous Improvement: Strive to enhance the performance of your team and contribute to improving air traffic control systems and procedures.
Pinnacle of Success: Air Traffic Control Manager
Reaching the position of Air Traffic Control Manager places you at the top of the enroute controller career ladder.
Here, you’ll be responsible for managing all aspects of air traffic control operations, making critical decisions, and leading a larger team.
Enroute Controller Salary
Entry-Level Enroute Controller
- Median Salary: $50,000 – $75,000 per year
- Entry-level enroute controllers typically have 0-2 years of experience and may have completed a certified Air Traffic Control (ATC) course or received on-the-job training.
Mid-Level Enroute Controller
- Median Salary: $80,000 – $110,000 per year
- Mid-level enroute controllers have 2-5 years of experience and are often responsible for more complex air traffic management tasks, including managing heavy traffic and coordinating with other controllers.
Senior Enroute Controller
- Median Salary: $120,000 – $150,000 per year
- Senior enroute controllers possess 5+ years of experience and are responsible for managing and coordinating complex air traffic situations and overseeing junior controllers.
Lead Enroute Controller / Air Traffic Control Manager
- Median Salary: $150,000 – $200,000+ per year
- These roles come with significant experience and often involve leading and coordinating a team of controllers, managing shift schedules, and ensuring safety and efficiency in air traffic management.
Air Traffic Control Director / Head of Operations
- Median Salary: $200,000 – $250,000+ per year
- These high-level positions require extensive experience and deep understanding of aviation regulations and air traffic management. They often involve setting operation strategies for air traffic control center and ensuring regulatory compliance.
Enroute Controller Work Environment
Enroute Controllers, also known as Air Traffic Controllers, generally work in control towers, approach control facilities, or route centers that are part of the national air traffic control system.
Their work is extremely precise and requires a high level of concentration due to the critical nature of their job.
They often work in shifts since air traffic control services must be provided 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
This means that Enroute Controllers may be required to work nights, weekends, and holidays.
Enroute Controllers work closely with other controllers, pilots, and ground crew.
Their work can be stressful due to the high level of responsibility and the necessity of making quick decisions.
The environment within the control center is usually quiet so that controllers can hear communications from pilots.
The room is often dimly lit to improve the visibility of radar screens.
After gaining sufficient experience, an Enroute Controller might progress to a supervisor or manager role within their facility, or they may choose to transfer to a larger facility with more traffic and greater challenges.
FAQs About Becoming an Enroute Controller
What is needed to become an Enroute Controller?
To become an Enroute Controller, you typically need to complete a course from an FAA-approved Air Traffic Collegiate Training Initiative (AT-CTI) program.
The course should cover areas such as aviation weather, air traffic basics, aviation law and regulations, and aircraft recognition.
In addition to this, you need to have strong spatial awareness, excellent communication skills, the ability to make quick decisions under pressure, and a solid understanding of math and physics.
How long does it take to become an Enroute Controller?
The process to become an Enroute Controller can vary, but typically it involves several years of training and experience.
First, you need to complete a two-to-four-year program from an FAA-approved AT-CTI institution.
After graduation, you must pass the FAA’s Air Traffic Standardized Aptitude Test (ATSAT).
If successful, you then attend the FAA Academy for further training, which lasts about 3-4 months.
After the academy, you will be assigned to an air traffic control facility for on-the-job training, which can last anywhere from 1 to 2 years.
Can I become an Enroute Controller without a degree?
Yes, it is possible to become an Enroute Controller without a traditional four-year degree.
The FAA allows for three different paths to eligibility for the ATSAT: having a degree from an AT-CTI program, having 3 years of progressively responsible work experience, or a combination of post-secondary education and work experience that totals 3 years.
However, even without a degree, completion of an FAA-approved training program is highly recommended.
Is being an Enroute Controller a stressful job?
Enroute Controllers face a high-stress environment due to the nature of their work, which involves guiding aircraft safely through their assigned flight paths.
They must be able to make quick, accurate decisions under pressure and handle multiple tasks simultaneously.
That said, many Enroute Controllers find the work rewarding and enjoy the challenge it presents.
What are the prospects for Enroute Controllers in the next decade?
Job opportunities for Enroute Controllers are expected to grow moderately in the next decade.
The demand is largely dependent on changes in air travel patterns.
Growth in commercial air travel, the introduction of new technologies, and retirements in the field will create job openings.
However, competition for these positions is expected to be strong due to the high pay and federal benefits associated with the role.
Conclusion
There you go.
The journey to become an enroute controller is a challenge worth undertaking, promising a rewarding career ahead.
Equipped with the right skills, education, and drive, you’re ready to make a mark in the world of aviation.
Bear in mind, the journey may be demanding, but the possibilities are boundless. Your decisions could guide the next flight that changes the way we travel, connect, and explore.
So, take the initiative. Immerse yourself in learning. Connect with industry professionals. Above all, never stop honing your skills.
Because the sky is waiting for what you can achieve.
And if you’re in search of personalized advice on commencing or advancing your career as an enroute controller, explore our AI Career Path Advisor.
This complimentary tool is engineered to provide tailored advice and resources to efficiently navigate your career path.
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