How to Become a Field Archaeologist (Digging Up a Career!)

If you’ve ever dreamed of unearthing ancient treasures or wondered what it takes to become a field archaeologist, you’re in the right place.

In this guide, we’ll explore the EXACT steps you need to take to launch your career as a field archaeologist. We’ll talk about:

The skills you need.
The education that can help you get there.
How to land a job as a field archaeologist.

So, whether you’re a history enthusiast or a budding researcher looking to expand your knowledge, stay tuned.

We’re about to unravel the blueprint to become a field archaeologist.

Let’s get started!

Contents show

Steps to Become a Field Archaeologist

Step 1: Understand the Profession

Before you embark on the journey to becoming a Field Archaeologist, it’s crucial to understand what the profession entails.

Field Archaeologists research and explore various sites to uncover and preserve artifacts from past human cultures.

They spend a lot of time on fieldwork, excavating, analyzing, and interpreting findings which provide insights into historical events and civilizations.

This is not a typical 9-to-5 desk job; you might be working under harsh weather conditions and in remote locations.

It involves physical labor, meticulous attention to detail, and often, long hours of work.

You will also need strong writing skills to document your findings and possibly publish academic papers.

The role requires not just a passion for history and culture, but also patience, perseverance, and a genuine interest in research.

As a Field Archaeologist, you may work with universities, museums, or government agencies, contributing significantly to historical research and preservation efforts.

Understanding these nuances will help you decide if this challenging yet rewarding profession is the right path for you.

Step 2: Obtain a Bachelor’s Degree in Archaeology or Anthropology

To begin your journey towards becoming a Field Archaeologist, you need to earn a bachelor’s degree in Archaeology or Anthropology.

These programs will offer you foundational knowledge on human history, cultural diversity, and archaeological methodologies.

During your undergraduate studies, you will likely have classes in physical anthropology, cultural anthropology, archaeology, and linguistics.

Your undergraduate studies will also involve practical fieldwork, where you will learn to excavate and identify artifacts, take part in research projects, and interpret archaeological data.

This hands-on experience is vital to developing your skills as a field archaeologist.

Additionally, it would be beneficial if you also study a foreign language, geology, or geography as part of your degree.

This broader base of knowledge could be useful for future archaeological work.

Further, if you aspire to specialize or aim for higher positions within archaeology, you may need to consider advancing your education with a master’s degree or a PhD in Archaeology.

This could open up opportunities for you to work in academia, research, or in leadership roles within archaeological projects.

Step 3: Participate in an Archaeological Field School

After earning your bachelor’s degree, the next important step to becoming a Field Archaeologist is participating in an Archaeological Field School.

This experience is crucial as it exposes you to the practical aspects of archaeology and provides you with hands-on training in archaeological methods and techniques.

In a Field School, you’ll learn how to excavate a site, identify and catalog artifacts, and preserve and document archaeological finds.

You’ll also gain experience in field surveying and mapping techniques.

This will give you a comprehensive understanding of archaeological fieldwork and prepare you for real-world scenarios.

As you work in the field, you’ll also develop critical thinking skills and learn how to interpret archaeological evidence, which are both essential for your career as a Field Archaeologist.

Archaeological Field Schools are often offered through universities and archaeological institutions, and can be domestic or international.

Be sure to choose a program that aligns with your area of interest within archaeology, whether it’s a specific culture, time period, or type of excavation.

Participation in a Field School is often a requirement for advanced study or professional positions in archaeology, so this step is crucial in your journey to becoming a Field Archaeologist.

Step 4: Gain Hands-On Experience via Internships or Volunteer Work

As a field archaeologist, practical experience is invaluable and can greatly enhance your job prospects.

This experience can be gained through internships or volunteer work at archaeological sites, museums, or research institutions.

Internships provide structured opportunities to work under the guidance of experienced archaeologists and gain exposure to the methodologies and techniques of the field.

Often, universities have partnerships with archaeological organizations that offer internships to students.

Volunteer work can also provide valuable experience.

Many archaeological projects around the world are always looking for volunteers.

This could be an excavation project, a museum cataloging project, or even a cultural heritage preservation initiative.

Whether interning or volunteering, the key is to get as much exposure as you can to different aspects of archaeology.

This could include excavation, artifact analysis, laboratory work, and research.

Remember, every bit of practical experience enriches your resume and makes you a more competitive candidate for future job opportunities.

You may also consider attending archaeological field schools, which provide intensive hands-on training in archaeological surveying, excavation, and lab work.

These schools are often affiliated with universities and count towards course credit.

Step 5: Pursue a Master’s Degree or PhD in Archaeology for Advanced Positions

For those interested in pursuing advanced positions within field archaeology, such as site director or research archaeologist, obtaining a Master’s degree or PhD in archaeology is highly recommended.

This type of advanced education can provide you with a deeper understanding of archaeological theories and research methods, as well as specialized knowledge in your area of interest.

The choice between a Master’s degree or a PhD often depends on your career goals.

If you wish to lead archaeological excavations or work in an academic setting, a PhD might be more suitable.

It can provide opportunities for original research, preparing you to contribute new findings to the field.

On the other hand, a Master’s degree could be sufficient for many roles within cultural resource management or museum settings.

During your graduate studies, you will likely have the opportunity to participate in archaeological fieldwork, which can provide hands-on experience in excavation techniques, artifact analysis, and site preservation.

These experiences can be invaluable for your future career as a field archaeologist.

Remember, obtaining an advanced degree is a significant commitment of time and resources, so be sure to consider your long-term career goals and personal interests before deciding on this path.

Step 6: Develop Specialization in a Specific Region or Period

As you gain experience in your career as a field archaeologist, consider developing a specialization in a specific region or historical period.

For instance, you might choose to specialize in the archaeology of Ancient Egypt, Prehistoric Europe, Roman Britain, or any other period or geographical region.

Having a specialization can make you more desirable as a hire for certain archaeological projects.

You may be called upon to apply your expertise to specific digs, or to contribute to academic or historical discussions within your area of focus.

You may also be able to teach or write about your specialty, furthering your career and contributions to the field.

Just as crucial as the choice of the region or period is the mastery of the languages relevant to your specialization.

Understanding the languages used in the period of your focus, both modern and ancient, can prove invaluable in your research and field work.

When you’re conducting excavations or studying in the field, you can focus your efforts on understanding the specific cultural and historical context of your chosen specialty.

This in-depth knowledge will not only make you a better archaeologist, but it can also open the door to new opportunities and advancements in your career.

Step 7: Learn Geographical Information Systems and Other Relevant Software

As a Field Archaeologist, it’s crucial to become proficient in using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and other relevant software.

GIS is a system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present spatial or geographic data.

In the field of archaeology, this technology allows professionals to analyze and interpret the archaeological record in ways that were previously impossible.

You can learn GIS and other relevant software through various courses available both online and in traditional classrooms.

Some of these courses are even free, while others might require a fee or subscription.

Make sure to choose the courses that best fit your career goals and interests.

In addition to GIS, you might also need to learn other software such as CAD (Computer-Aided Design) programs, database management software, and statistical analysis tools.

These tools allow you to create and manage digital representations of archaeological finds, analyze statistical data, and manage your research information effectively.

Remember, technology is always evolving, and so are the tools used in the field of archaeology.

Therefore, make sure to stay updated with the latest advancements and trends in the field.

This continuous learning process will not only enhance your skills but also boost your career prospects.

Step 8: Join Professional Organizations for Networking

Joining professional organizations is an essential step for an aspiring field archaeologist.

Membership in such organizations can provide you with numerous benefits, including opportunities to network with experienced archaeologists and other professionals in the field.

Consider joining organizations like the Society for American Archaeology (SAA), the Archaeological Institute of America (AIA), or the Register of Professional Archaeologists (RPA).

These organizations often offer workshops, training programs, conferences, and other events where you can learn about the latest research and developments in the field of archaeology.

Networking events and conferences organized by these institutions can also serve as a platform for you to present your research findings, learn about job opportunities, and establish contacts that can help advance your career.

Being part of these professional organizations also add credibility to your professional standing as they have codes of conduct and standards that their members are expected to adhere to.

This can be beneficial when applying for grants or looking for employment.

Remember, being proactive and involved in these organizations can open many doors for your career.

Start by attending meetings and events, volunteering for committees, and taking advantage of educational and training opportunities.

Step 9: Stay Updated with Current Research and Techniques

As a field archaeologist, it’s crucial to stay updated with the latest research and techniques in the field of archaeology.

This includes understanding the latest excavation methods, artifact analysis techniques, and technological advancements that can assist in uncovering and preserving historical items.

You can stay current by subscribing to archaeology journals, attending conferences, seminars, and workshops, or enrolling in advanced archaeology courses.

Engaging with online forums and platforms where professionals discuss new findings and methodologies can also be beneficial.

Staying updated with the current research is not only about learning new techniques but also about knowing the most recent interpretations and theories of past cultures and civilizations.

This will help you to contribute effectively to the field and also enhance your interpretive skills.

Moreover, having knowledge about the newest policies and laws related to archaeology and artifact handling is equally important.

This ensures that all your fieldwork adheres to the latest guidelines and is ethically conducted.

Keeping up-to-date with developments in related fields such as anthropology, geology, and paleontology can also broaden your perspective and enhance your archaeological research.

Remember, archaeology is a field that is continuously evolving, and as a field archaeologist, you should be adaptable and willing to learn throughout your career.

Step 10: Apply for Field Archaeologist Positions

After completing your education and gaining enough experience through internships, volunteering or field schools, you can start applying for field archaeologist positions.

These positions can be found at universities, museums, government agencies, cultural resource management firms, and archaeological consulting firms.

When looking for jobs, pay attention to the job description to ensure you meet the required skills and qualifications.

Some jobs may require specialized knowledge or experience in a particular area such as underwater archaeology or a specific period or culture.

Craft a compelling resume and cover letter detailing your educational background, skills, and experiences relevant to archaeology.

Highlight your field experiences, familiarity with archaeological methods and techniques, any specialized training, and your ability to work in different weather conditions and terrains.

Networking also plays a crucial role in landing a job in archaeology.

Join professional organizations, attend archaeological conferences, and connect with professionals in the field through social media and professional networking sites to learn about job opportunities and make valuable connections.

Remember, field archaeology is physically demanding, and positions may often involve travel and working away from home for extended periods.

Be prepared to discuss your physical fitness and adaptability during job interviews.

It’s also important to be patient, as the job market for archaeology can be quite competitive.

After applying, follow up on your applications and prepare for interviews.

Interview preparation should include researching the employer, practicing common interview questions, and preparing questions to ask the interviewer.

Step 11: Publish Research in Academic Journals

After completing your fieldwork, it’s crucial to share your findings with the wider archaeological community.

This can be accomplished by publishing your research in academic journals.

When submitting your work, ensure that your study adheres to the guidelines set by the chosen academic journal.

This typically involves preparing a detailed report of your findings, including the methodology used, the data gathered, the analysis, and conclusions drawn from the study.

It’s also important to provide high-quality images of your findings, detailed maps of the site, and any other supporting documents that could enrich your study.

Publishing your research not only increases your visibility in the field, but it also allows you to contribute to the body of knowledge in archaeology.

Plus, your published work could be influential for future research and may open up new opportunities for collaboration and career advancement.

Remember, getting published in reputable academic journals can be competitive and rigorous.

Be prepared for potential revisions and maintain patience throughout the review process.

This step is vital in establishing yourself as an expert in your chosen area of field archaeology.

Step 12: Consider Teaching or Curatorial Positions for Career Advancement.

After several years of experience in field archaeology, you might consider stepping into teaching or curatorial roles for further career advancement.

These positions can allow you to share your knowledge with others and contribute more broadly to the field of archaeology.

If you decide to take up teaching, you can impart your knowledge and experiences to the next generation of archaeologists.

You might teach in universities or colleges, where you could be involved in both undergraduate and graduate programs.

This career path may require you to earn a PhD if you haven’t already.

As a curator, you could work in museums or other similar institutions where you would be in charge of collections of artifacts.

Your duties might involve the acquisition, care, evaluation, and display of items, as well as research and public education.

This role allows you to directly contribute to the public’s understanding of human history and culture.

Both these options require a strong foundation in archaeological theory and methods, so make sure to acquire and build these skills throughout your career.

Also, these roles would typically involve administrative and managerial responsibilities, so consider gaining some experience in these areas.

Field Archaeologist Roles and Responsibilities

Field Archaeologists are responsible for discovering and preserving artifacts from historical sites.

They conduct field investigations, analysis, and interpretation of past societies and behaviors using the recovery and examination of remaining material culture, such as tools, pottery, and structures.

They have the following roles and responsibilities:

Fieldwork

Conduct field surveys to find suitable sites for excavation.
Carry out excavations, using a variety of techniques, to uncover artifacts.
Take accurate measurements and record data meticulously.
Use GPS and geophysical surveys to pinpoint areas of interest.

Research and Analysis

Research historical records and maps.
Analyze artifacts and structures discovered.
Use laboratory tests to preserve and analyze findings.
Identify, date and authenticate artifacts.

Conservation and Preservation

Develop preservation plans for archaeological sites.
Preserve artifacts in a manner that maintains their historical significance.

Documentation and Reporting

Document findings and procedures used in field investigations.
Create detailed site reports including descriptions of artifacts and the significance of the findings.
Present findings to colleagues, the public, or policy makers.

Collaboration

Work closely with museum curators, conservators, and other archaeologists.
Participate in public outreach, such as giving school presentations.

Health and Safety

Ensure all fieldwork is carried out safely, following regulations and guidelines.

Project Management

Plan and direct field studies and prepare cost estimates.
Manage project resources and schedules.

Continuing Education

Keep up to date with new archaeological methods and theories.
Attend conferences and workshops to learn about new research and techniques.

Teaching and Mentorship

Educate the public about archaeology and its significance.
Mentor junior archaeologists and provide guidance and feedback.

What Does a Field Archaeologist Do?

Field Archaeologists work primarily outdoors on archaeological sites, which could range from ancient ruins to locations of recent historical interest.

They can be employed by universities, museums, government agencies, or private consulting firms.

Their primary task is to excavate and analyze artifacts, structures, and features to add to the historical understanding of a particular area or culture.

This often involves careful excavation, measurement, and recording of artifacts and their locations.

They may use a variety of tools, from shovels and trowels for digging to sophisticated computer programs for cataloguing and analyzing their finds.

A key part of a Field Archaeologist’s work is also to interpret the artifacts and structures they uncover, to form theories about the people and societies that created them.

They are also often responsible for writing reports or academic papers on their findings, and may present their research at conferences or public lectures.

In addition, Field Archaeologists often work alongside other professionals such as anthropologists, historians, and conservators to preserve artifacts and sites, and to further the understanding of our past.

Essential Field Archaeologist Skills

Fieldwork Skills: Field archaeologists should be skilled at carrying out physical tasks such as digging and lifting, and be familiar with the use of tools such as trowels, brushes and shovels. They must also know the processes and techniques of archaeological excavation.
Research Skills: The ability to conduct thorough research is vital. This involves being able to use various sources to gather data, and analyze findings to form a comprehensive understanding of archaeological sites and artefacts.
Attention to Detail: Archaeology often involves dealing with tiny fragments or subtle changes in soil composition. Keen observation skills are required to identify these details and understand their significance.
Documentation and Recording: Accurate recording and documentation of finds, layers, structures, and samples is a crucial part of archaeological work. Skills in drawing, photography, and GIS (Geographic Information Systems) can be very useful.
Lab Skills: Archaeologists often work with artefacts in a lab, analyzing them with techniques such as carbon dating, DNA analysis, and microscopic examination. Familiarity with these techniques and the ability to handle delicate objects carefully are important.
Communication Skills: Archaeologists must be able to communicate their findings and ideas effectively, both in writing (for reports, academic papers, etc.) and verbally (for presentations, lectures, etc.). They must also be able to work well in teams.
Critical Thinking: The ability to analyze data, spot patterns, and make connections is crucial in archaeology. This involves critical thinking, problem-solving, and a good understanding of archaeological theory.
Knowledge of Relevant Laws and Regulations: Archaeologists must be familiar with the laws and regulations related to archaeological work, including those pertaining to the treatment of human remains, the handling of artefacts, and the protection of archaeological sites.
Computer Skills: Proficiency in computer software like databases, spreadsheets, and GIS is required for data management, analysis, and mapping.
Patience and Perseverance: Archaeological work can be slow and painstaking, and it often takes a long time to uncover significant finds. The ability to stay focused and patient, and to persevere in the face of challenges, is important.

Field Archaeologist Career Path Progression

The Foundation: Assistant Field Archaeologist

As an Assistant Field Archaeologist, you begin your journey in the field, often under the supervision of experienced archaeologists.

During this time, you’ll learn the basics of fieldwork, including excavation techniques, artifact analysis, and documentation.

Here are some keys to success:

Learn Continuously: Absorb as much knowledge as you can about archaeological practices and theories.
Hands-On Experience: Gain practical experience in fieldwork by participating in as many digs as possible.
Documentation: Develop strong documentation skills to record findings accurately.

The Ascent: Field Archaeologist

Once you’ve gained enough experience, you’ll progress to the role of Field Archaeologist.

Your responsibilities will expand to include leading small projects, working closely with local communities, and contributing to research publications.

Here’s how to excel at this stage:

Research Skills: Enhance your research skills and keep up with current archaeological discoveries and theories.
Collaboration: Learn to work effectively with diverse groups, including local communities and interdisciplinary teams.
Project Management: Start to understand project management principles, as you may be responsible for leading small digs.

Reaching New Heights: Senior Field Archaeologist

As a Senior Field Archaeologist, you’ll be entrusted with larger and more complex projects, requiring advanced expertise.

You may also be expected to mentor junior archaeologists and make significant contributions to the field.

To succeed in this role:

Mentorship: Share your knowledge and experiences with aspiring archaeologists.
Advanced Research: Publish your findings in scholarly journals and present at conferences to contribute to the field’s knowledge base.
Leadership: Display strong leadership skills in managing larger projects and teams.

Beyond the Horizon: Lead Archaeologist and Beyond

As you continue to climb the career ladder, you might become a Lead Archaeologist, responsible for multiple projects and often have influence over research direction.

Alternatively, you might specialize in a specific area of archaeology.

To thrive in these roles:

Specialization: Consider delving deeply into a specific area of archaeology to become a subject matter expert.
Strategic Planning: Develop your ability to strategize and plan large-scale archaeological projects.
Influencing: Use your influence to shape the direction of archaeological research and practices.

Pinnacle of Success: Archaeology Director or Professor

The pinnacle of a Field Archaeologist’s career might include positions such as an Archaeology Director or a Professor in a renowned university.

In these roles, you would play a pivotal role in shaping the future of the field, mentoring the next generation of archaeologists, and leading major archaeological projects.

Field Archaeologist Salary

Entry-Level Field Archaeologist

Median Salary: $38,000 – $48,000 per year
Entry-level field archaeologists typically have 0-2 years of experience and may hold bachelor’s or master’s degrees in anthropology, archaeology, or related fields. They assist in excavations and initial artifact documentation.

Mid-Level Field Archaeologist

Median Salary: $49,000 – $60,000 per year
Mid-level field archaeologists have 2-5 years of experience and often take on supervisory roles in excavation projects. They may also conduct preliminary artifact analysis and report preparation.

Senior Field Archaeologist

Median Salary: $60,000 – $80,000 per year
Senior field archaeologists have over 5 years of experience and are responsible for leading excavation projects, overseeing artifact analysis, and preparing detailed archaeological reports. They may also contribute to academic research and publications.

Site Director / Project Archaeologist

Median Salary: $81,000 – $100,000+ per year
These roles require significant experience and involve overall project management, including planning and directing excavations, supervising staff, and coordinating artifact analysis and report preparation.

Principal Archaeologist / Director of Archaeology

Median Salary: $101,000 – $150,000+ per year
These high-level positions require extensive field experience, specialized knowledge, and often a PhD in archaeology or related field. Responsibilities may include setting research agendas, overseeing multiple projects, and guiding the archaeological strategies for a company or institution.

Field Archaeologist Work Environment

Field Archaeologists often work in diverse locations, depending on where archaeological sites are located.

This can range from remote, rural areas to urban settings, often in varying weather conditions.

They spend a significant amount of time outdoors, conducting excavations or surveys, hence, physical fitness is typically necessary due to the manual labor involved.

In addition to fieldwork, Field Archaeologists may also work in offices or labs, analyzing artifacts and writing reports.

Travel is a common part of their job, as they often need to move to different locations for projects.

Some may work for museums, universities, consulting firms, or government agencies, which may offer a more stable work environment.

Their work hours can be long and irregular, particularly during active excavation periods.

Some Field Archaeologists may also work on a project basis, which can lead to periods of unemployment between projects.

FAQs About Becoming a Field Archaeologist

What is needed to become a field archaeologist?

To become a field archaeologist, you typically need a bachelor’s degree in archaeology or a related field like anthropology or history.

Advanced positions often require a master’s degree or a PhD.

Important skills include attention to detail, patience, physical stamina for excavation work, and knowledge of archaeological theory and methods.

Additionally, soft skills like teamwork, communication, and problem-solving are also important in this field.

Fieldwork experience, often gained through volunteer work or internships, is also a crucial part of training.

How long does it take to become a field archaeologist?

The time it takes to become a field archaeologist can vary depending on your educational path and experience level.

If you pursue a traditional bachelor’s degree in archaeology, it typically takes four years.

If you choose to pursue a master’s degree or PhD, that can add an additional 2-6 years.

Gaining practical experience through internships, volunteer work, or field schools can also contribute to your training time.

Can I be a field archaeologist without a degree?

While it’s possible to participate in archaeological digs and contribute to fieldwork without a degree, most professional field archaeologist positions require at least a bachelor’s degree in archaeology or a related field.

This is because the role involves not only excavation, but also interpreting findings, writing reports, and applying archaeological theory, which requires formal education.

However, there are opportunities for interested individuals to participate in community archaeology projects or volunteer on professional digs to gain experience.

Is field archaeology a physically demanding job?

Field archaeology can be physically demanding, as it often involves excavation work, which may require bending, kneeling, and lifting for extended periods of time.

Working conditions can also be challenging, with exposure to various weather conditions and potentially remote locations.

However, many field archaeologists find the opportunity to uncover artifacts and contribute to our understanding of the past to be rewarding and well worth the physical effort.

What are the prospects for field archaeologists in the next decade?

The prospects for field archaeologists vary depending on location and sector.

In general, employment for archaeologists, including field archaeologists, is expected to grow at an average rate.

However, there are often more qualified candidates than available positions, making the field competitive.

Specialists in certain areas, like underwater archaeology or geoarchaeology, may have better prospects.

Additionally, climate change and development projects are likely to create more opportunities for archaeological fieldwork and heritage management.

Conclusion

Voila!

Setting your sights on a career as a field archaeologist is a challenge well worth tackling, and the rewards are innumerable.

Equipped with the necessary knowledge, training, and tenacity, you stand at the brink of making significant contributions to our understanding of human history.

Remember, the journey may be arduous, but the discoveries to be made are endless. Your findings could rewrite the history books and change how we understand our past.

So, go ahead and take that first step. Immerse yourself in research. Connect with fellow archaeologists. And most importantly, never stop exploring.

Because history is waiting for you to unearth it.

And if you’re seeking tailored advice on launching or progressing your career in field archaeology, do consider our AI Career Path Advisor.

This complimentary tool is designed to provide personalized recommendations and resources to help you effectively navigate your career trajectory.

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