How to Become a Plumber (Seal Cracks, Build Success)
If you’ve ever dreamed of working with your hands to solve practical problems or wondered what it takes to become a plumber, you’re in the right place.
In this guide, we’ll delve into the EXACT steps you need to take to begin your career as a plumber. We’ll discuss:
- The skills you need.
- The education and training that can get you there.
- How to land your first job as a plumber.
So, whether you’re a novice to the trades or a handy individual looking to upskill, stay tuned.
We’re about to lay out the roadmap to become a plumber.
Let’s get started!
Steps to Become a Plumber
Step 1: Understand the Plumbing Profession
Before you embark on your journey to becoming a plumber, it’s essential to fully understand the profession.
Plumbing is more than just fixing leaks or unclogging drains.
Plumbers install and repair water supply lines, waste disposal systems, and related appliances and fixtures to keep homes and businesses flowing smoothly.
Being a plumber involves more than just hands-on work.
They need to be able to interpret blueprints and building codes, inspect plumbing systems, troubleshoot problems, and plan new installations.
Hence, having mechanical knowledge and critical thinking skills is essential.
Plumbers often work in tight spaces or in potentially dangerous situations, dealing with everything from hot pipes to gas leaks.
The physical demands and safety risks require plumbers to be in good health and follow safety precautions.
A good plumber is also excellent in customer service, as they often interact directly with clients, explaining problems, discussing solutions, and providing estimates.
Being a plumber may mean being on call for emergencies at odd hours or working beyond regular working hours.
Understanding these aspects of the job will help you decide if this is the right profession for you.
Step 2: Acquire a High School Diploma or GED
It is essential to possess a high school diploma or GED to start your path towards becoming a plumber.
This is because most plumbing apprenticeship programs require one of these as a minimum educational qualification.
High school courses in mathematics, science, and shop can provide you with some of the fundamental knowledge and skills that you will need in the plumbing industry.
During high school, you can also take advantage of vocational-technical programs that teach the basics of plumbing, including safety practices and plumbing codes and regulations.
This type of education can give you a head start when you begin your apprenticeship.
Moreover, having a high school diploma or GED is beneficial as it demonstrates your commitment and ability to complete a formal education program, traits that potential employers and apprenticeship program directors value.
It will also help you if you decide to further your education later in your career to pursue higher positions or to specialize in a particular aspect of plumbing.
Step 3: Take Vocational Plumbing Courses
To become a professional plumber, you need to take vocational plumbing courses at a trade school or community college.
These courses will provide you with the foundational knowledge you need to understand the principles of plumbing, and cover subjects like water supply and waste systems, blueprint reading, pipe installation, venting and drainage, as well as heating and cooling systems.
During these courses, you will learn both the theoretical aspects of plumbing and the practical skills required to become a successful plumber.
The practical skills include welding, fitting, measuring, cutting, and installing pipes.
Moreover, these courses also cover important safety protocols and plumbing codes that must be adhered to.
In addition to classroom instruction, these courses often incorporate hands-on training in a workshop or lab setting.
This gives you the opportunity to apply what you’ve learned in a controlled environment, under the supervision of experienced instructors.
Upon successful completion of the vocational plumbing courses, you may receive a certificate or diploma.
This qualification will be useful when you start looking for apprenticeships, as it proves you have the basic plumbing knowledge needed to start working in the field.
Remember, these courses are just one step in your journey to becoming a professional plumber.
You will also need to complete an apprenticeship and gain professional licensing to legally work as a plumber in most regions.
Step 4: Obtain an Apprenticeship
After you have received some initial training either through a vocational program or technical school, the next step to becoming a plumber is to secure an apprenticeship.
This is a critical part of the training process, offering you the chance to gain hands-on experience under the supervision of a seasoned plumber.
Apprenticeships usually last 4-5 years and encompass both classroom instruction and on-the-job training.
You’ll get the chance to learn about local codes and regulations, safety protocols, and more advanced plumbing techniques while also honing your practical skills in a real-world setting.
To find an apprenticeship, you can reach out to local plumbing companies or labor unions.
There are also national organizations, like the United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting Industry of the United States, Canada (UA), that offer apprenticeship programs.
Remember, landing an apprenticeship can be competitive, so you’ll need to demonstrate your commitment and enthusiasm for the trade.
It’s crucial to approach this step with a professional attitude, preparation and a good understanding of the basics that you’ve learned so far.
Step 5: Gain Practical Experience
After completing your educational requirements and obtaining your certification, it’s time to gain hands-on experience in the field.
This step is crucial as it helps you apply theoretical knowledge to practical situations.
Most plumbers start their career as an apprentice to a more experienced plumber, and over a period of 2-5 years, they learn the trade from the ground up.
Apprenticeships often include both classroom instruction and on-the-job training.
You will learn about safety practices, local plumbing codes, and regulations, as well as blueprint reading.
Depending on your comfort level and the complexity of the job, you might start with simple tasks such as assisting with installations or handling minor repairs under supervision.
Gradually, you will be given more responsibilities, eventually leading to more complex tasks such as diagnosing plumbing issues or installing new systems.
This apprenticeship period is an opportunity to sharpen your skills, gain confidence, and build a reputation in the industry.
Always show a keen interest to learn, ask questions, and don’t shy away from challenging tasks.
This practical experience is vital for your professional development as a plumber.
Remember that plumbing is a physically demanding job, and gaining practical experience will also help you understand if you are fit for the physical rigors of the job.
After completing your apprenticeship, you can opt to work independently or join a plumbing company.
Step 6: Learn Local Codes and Regulations
As a plumber, you will be working in various settings that all have different plumbing codes and regulations.
These codes and regulations vary by city, state, and country, and it is critical that you familiarize yourself with them to ensure your work is legal and safe.
This will typically involve studying local building codes related to plumbing, which dictate how plumbing systems should be installed, repaired, or maintained.
You can obtain this information through local government offices or online resources.
Many areas will have specific codes for residential, commercial, and industrial plumbing.
These may cover areas such as the correct installation procedures for various types of pipes and fittings, the proper handling of waste disposal systems, and regulations concerning water and energy efficiency.
Besides, learning local codes and regulations is not a one-time process.
As technology evolves and more efficient and sustainable methods of plumbing are developed, these codes and regulations are often updated.
As a professional plumber, you must stay abreast of these changes and continually educate yourself on the latest standards.
Compliance with these regulations is not only legally required but also essential for your reputation as a competent and reliable plumber.
Violations could lead to penalties, revocation of your license, and damage to your professional reputation.
Therefore, a thorough understanding of local codes and regulations is a crucial step in your journey to becoming a successful plumber.
Step 7: Become Licensed
In the plumbing industry, obtaining a license is an important step for professionals who want to legally operate in their state or country.
The requirements for licensing can vary greatly from one place to another but generally involve passing an exam and proving a certain amount of work experience in the field.
This process usually involves submitting an application to your state’s licensing board and paying an associated fee.
After that, you will need to pass a written exam that tests your knowledge of plumbing codes, safety measures, and understanding of the trade.
Some states or regions may also require you to pass a practical exam where you demonstrate your plumbing skills in a controlled environment.
Once you have obtained your license, you are considered a licensed plumber and can begin to work independently.
Keep in mind that licensed plumbers may need to complete continuing education courses or renew their license periodically to keep it active.
This process ensures that plumbers are always up-to-date with the latest safety procedures and industry standards.
Remember that becoming licensed not only legitimizes your practice but also enhances your credibility and can potentially lead to higher paying jobs or advancement opportunities in your career.
Step 8: Continue Education and Specialize
As a certified plumber, one of the best ways to excel in your career is to continue your education and specialize in specific areas of plumbing.
There are various specialties within the plumbing industry that you can choose from such as pipefitting, steamfitting, or gas fitting.
This might mean taking additional courses or obtaining certifications in these areas.
Continuing education can help you stay updated with the latest techniques, tools, and safety regulations in the industry.
These courses are often offered by trade associations, colleges, or even manufacturers.
Specialization can also set you apart from your competition and might open up more job opportunities.
For instance, being a certified gas fitter can lead to jobs that involve installing and repairing gas lines.
Similarly, a specialization in steamfitting could lead to work in high-pressure systems found in factories or industrial settings.
Remember, the more skills and knowledge you accumulate, the more valuable you become in the marketplace.
Therefore, even after becoming a certified plumber, never stop learning and improving your skills.
Step 9: Join a Professional Plumbing Organization
Joining a professional plumbing organization can be a crucial step in advancing your career as a plumber.
These organizations provide opportunities for networking, continuous learning, and staying updated on the latest industry trends and regulations.
Examples of such organizations include the Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors Association (PHCC) or the United Association of Journeymen and Apprentices of the Plumbing and Pipe Fitting Industry of the United States, Canada (UA).
These organizations often offer resources like training programs, industry news, forums for discussions, and opportunities for certifications.
Joining these organizations can also help you build credibility as a professional plumber and provide you with a platform to interact with other professionals in the field, learn from their experiences, and gain exposure to different aspects of the industry.
You may also have access to job boards and career opportunities through these organizations.
In addition, many of these organizations advocate for the rights of plumbers at the legislative level, ensuring that your interests are represented.
Remember, being a part of a professional organization is not just about membership, it’s about participation.
Attend meetings, contribute to discussions, volunteer for leadership roles, and make the most of the resources available to you.
This proactive approach can help you to stand out in your career and create opportunities for advancement.
Step 10: Seek Employment or Start Your Own Business
After completing your education, journeyman certification and acquiring some on-the-job experience, the next step is to seek employment or start your own plumbing business.
You can apply to plumbing companies, construction firms, or government institutions that need skilled plumbers.
Be ready to showcase your skills, certificates, and experience during the application process.
If you opt to start your own plumbing business, it’s crucial to understand the ins and outs of running a business.
This can involve managing finances, understanding local regulations and permits, and advertising your services effectively to gain clients.
It’s also recommended to have an insurance policy that covers potential accidents or mishaps on the job.
Regardless of the path you choose, continuous learning and staying updated on the latest plumbing tools, techniques, and regulations is important for longevity and success in your plumbing career.
Plumber Roles and Responsibilities
Plumbers install, repair, and maintain the water supply, waste disposal, and heating systems in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings.
They ensure the proper functioning of these essential systems.
They have the following roles and responsibilities:
Installation
- Install pipes, sinks, tubs, toilets, water heaters, and other fixtures.
- Assemble pipe sections, tubing, and fittings using couplings, clamps, screws, bolts, cement, or soldering and brazing equipment.
- Install pipe assemblies, fittings, valves, appliances, and fixtures in heating, water, and drainage systems.
Repairs and Maintenance
- Identify and repair problems in plumbing systems.
- Perform routine maintenance tasks on plumbing systems.
- Clear obstructions from sink drains and toilets.
Inspection
- Inspect plumbing systems for compliance with safety and health regulations.
- Use specialized tools and equipment to inspect pipes for leaks and damage.
Estimation
- Provide cost estimates for materials and labor to complete jobs.
- Prepare bids and invoices for clients.
Customer Service
- Communicate with clients to understand their plumbing problems.
- Explain the work needed to clients and answer any questions they may have.
Safety
- Follow safety standards while performing duties.
- Use appropriate personal protective equipment.
Blueprint Reading and Layout
- Read blueprints, drawings, and specifications to determine the layout of plumbing systems.
- Plan pipe system layout and installation according to specifications.
Problem Solving
- Analyze plumbing systems and propose solutions to problems.
- Identify the tools and materials necessary for each job.
Record Keeping
- Document work performed and parts used for each job.
- Keep track of inventory and order supplies as needed.
Continuing Education
- Stay up-to-date on current plumbing codes and industry best practices.
- Attend workshops, training, and pursue certifications to improve skills and knowledge.
What Does a Plumber Do?
Plumbers are skilled tradespeople who work in a variety of settings to install, repair, and maintain systems used for potable (drinking) water, sewage, and drainage in plumbing systems.
They typically work for construction companies, municipal governments, or run their own independent service firms.
Their primary role is to diagnose and fix problems within water supply and drainage systems.
This may involve tasks such as unclogging a drain, fixing a leaky faucet, or replacing burst or corroded pipes.
Plumbers also install and connect appliances that use water, such as dishwashers, washing machines, and water heaters.
They also set up plumbing for new buildings, ensuring that all fixtures are properly installed and connected to the water supply and sewage systems.
Additionally, plumbers regularly conduct inspections of systems to identify potential problems and ensure everything is working as it should.
If any issues are found, they provide recommendations and estimates for repairs or replacements.
In their work, plumbers use a variety of tools, including wrenches, pliers, and specialized plumbing equipment.
They also have to follow safety procedures and regulations to prevent accidents and ensure the long-term reliability of the plumbing systems they work with.
Plumbers often work directly with clients, so they need to have good customer service skills, and be able to explain complex issues in an easy-to-understand manner.
They may also need to respond to emergency calls, which can occur at any time of the day or night.
Essential Plumber Skills
- Problem-solving: Plumbing work comes with a variety of challenges. From diagnosing issues with piping systems to handling equipment malfunctions, problem-solving skills are essential for success.
- Physical Stamina: Plumbing often involves physically demanding tasks, such as lifting heavy materials, working in cramped spaces, and standing for extended periods. Good physical health and stamina are required.
- Technical Skills: A plumber must be proficient with various hand and power tools. Knowledge about different types of pipes, materials, fittings, and valves is crucial.
- Blueprint Reading: Plumbers need to interpret blueprints, building codes, and specifications to correctly install and repair plumbing systems in residential and commercial structures.
- Safety Awareness: Knowledge of safety practices is critical, as plumbing work can be hazardous. Plumbers must know how to use tools safely and comply with safety regulations.
- Mathematical Skills: Plumbers need basic math skills for tasks such as calculating water flow rates, measuring and cutting pipes, and estimating costs.
- Customer Service: As most plumbers interact directly with clients, excellent customer service skills are essential. This includes being courteous, respectful, and responsive to clients’ needs.
- Communication: Effective communication skills are vital when explaining complex plumbing issues to clients who may not have technical knowledge. Also, plumbers often work with other tradespeople and need to coordinate effectively.
- Detail Orientation: Plumbing requires close attention to detail to ensure installations and repairs are done correctly and safely. This can include inspecting systems to identify issues or checking the correct fit of parts.
- Time Management: Plumbers often handle multiple jobs in a day. Good time management skills, including the ability to prioritize tasks and work efficiently, are necessary.
- Licensing: Many regions require plumbers to be licensed. Familiarity with local codes and regulations is necessary to pass licensing examinations and work legally in the field.
- Business Skills: For self-employed plumbers, business skills such as budgeting, invoicing, and marketing are important for managing their business effectively.
Plumber Career Path Progression
The Foundation: Apprentice Plumber
Typically, your journey begins as an Apprentice Plumber.
During this period, you’ll learn the fundamentals of the trade under the supervision of a Master Plumber.
Your responsibilities may include assisting with installations, repairs, and routine maintenance.
Here are some tips for success in this role:
- Learn Continuously: Understand the basics of plumbing and stay up-to-date with the latest tools and techniques.
- Seek Mentorship: Ask questions and learn from the experience of your mentor.
- Hands-On Work: Take every opportunity to work hands-on and gain practical experience.
The Ascent: Journeyman Plumber
After gaining experience as an apprentice, you progress to the Journeyman Plumber level.
You can now work independently and take on more complex tasks, including installing, maintaining, and repairing various plumbing systems.
Here’s how to thrive in this stage:
- Problem Solving: Develop your troubleshooting skills to diagnose and fix plumbing issues efficiently.
- Customer Service: Build strong relationships with customers by providing excellent service.
- Regulations Compliance: Be aware of and comply with all local and state plumbing codes.
Reaching New Heights: Master Plumber
After accumulating substantial experience and passing required exams, you can become a Master Plumber.
You are recognized for your expertise in all aspects of plumbing and may supervise other plumbers, run your own business, or undertake major plumbing projects.
To excel as a Master Plumber:
- Mentorship: Share your knowledge and experience with apprentice and journeyman plumbers.
- Business Management: If running your own business, develop skills in areas like marketing, finance, and customer service.
- Advanced Technical Skills: Be proficient in complex plumbing tasks and stay updated on the latest industry developments.
Beyond the Horizon: Plumbing Inspector or Contractor
As you continue to progress, you may choose to become a Plumbing Inspector or Contractor.
These roles involve greater responsibilities, such as inspecting plumbing systems for code compliance or overseeing large-scale installations.
Here’s what to focus on:
- Inspection Skills: If you become an inspector, develop a keen eye for detail to identify code violations and potential issues.
- Contracting Skills: As a contractor, manage projects effectively, ensure timely completion, and maintain high-quality standards.
- Continued Learning: Stay informed about industry trends, new technologies, and changes in plumbing codes.
Pinnacle of Success: Plumbing Business Owner
At the peak of the plumbing career ladder, you may choose to start your own plumbing business.
This requires not just plumbing skills, but also entrepreneurial abilities to manage and grow a business.
As a business owner, you’ll be responsible for everything from hiring and training staff, to marketing, to maintaining customer relationships.
Plumber Salary
Entry-Level Plumber
- Median Salary: $30,000 – $40,000 per year
- Entry-level plumbers usually have 0-2 years of experience and may hold certification from a technical school or have completed an apprenticeship program.
Mid-Level Plumber
- Median Salary: $45,000 – $55,000 per year
- Mid-level plumbers have 2-5 years of experience and often take on more complex tasks such as managing larger plumbing projects and reading blueprints.
Senior Plumber
- Median Salary: $55,000 – $70,000 per year
- Senior plumbers possess 5+ years of experience and are responsible for leading plumbing projects, making critical decisions, and mentoring junior plumbers.
Plumbing Supervisor / Manager
- Median Salary: $70,000 – $85,000+ per year
- These roles come with significant experience and often involve project management, overseeing staff, and decision-making related to large scale plumbing installations or repairs.
Plumbing Director / Master Plumber
- Median Salary: $90,000 – $120,000+ per year
- These high-level positions require extensive experience, deep technical expertise in plumbing and often involve setting plumbing strategies for a company or large projects.
Plumber Work Environment
Plumbers typically work in a variety of settings, from residential homes to commercial buildings and industrial sites, depending on the type of plumbing services they specialize in.
They often work in tight spaces and sometimes in uncomfortable conditions, such as outdoors in poor weather.
Plumbers usually have full-time work schedules and might need to be on-call for emergencies, meaning that nights, weekends, and overtime are often required.
Plumbers often start their careers working for a larger company or union, and after gaining sufficient experience and building a customer base, they might choose to start their own plumbing business.
This role often requires physical strength and stamina, as well as problem-solving skills and the ability to communicate effectively with clients.
FAQs About Becoming a Plumber
What is needed to become a plumber?
To become a plumber, you need to have a good understanding of water systems, as well as the mechanical and technical aspects of plumbing.
You can gain this knowledge through a plumbing apprenticeship program or a vocational school.
These programs usually cover topics like safety practices, blueprint reading, piping methods, and local plumbing codes.
Basic math skills, problem-solving abilities, and good physical fitness are also important.
In addition, you will need to get licensed, which typically requires passing a state or local exam.
How long does it take to be a plumber?
The time it takes to become a plumber can vary depending on your training path.
An apprenticeship program, which combines on-the-job training with classroom instruction, typically lasts four to five years.
Vocational or trade school programs can take one to two years.
After completing your training, you will need to pass a licensing exam.
In total, it may take between four to seven years to become a fully licensed plumber.
Can I be a plumber without formal education?
Yes, you can become a plumber without a traditional four-year degree.
Most plumbers learn their trade through a plumbing apprenticeship, which usually requires a high school diploma or equivalent but not a college degree.
However, some plumbers choose to attend a vocational or trade school as an alternative or supplement to an apprenticeship.
Regardless of the path you choose, you will need to pass a licensing exam to work as a plumber.
Is plumbing a physically demanding job?
Yes, plumbing can be a physically demanding job.
It often involves lifting heavy equipment, working in tight spaces, standing for long periods, and working in various weather conditions.
However, the physical demands can vary depending on the specific type of plumbing work you do.
Despite the physical demands, many plumbers find the job rewarding due to its practical and problem-solving nature.
What are the prospects for plumbers in the next decade?
The job outlook for plumbers is positive in the next decade.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, employment of plumbers is projected to grow at a faster rate than the average for all occupations.
This growth is driven by new building construction, stricter water efficiency standards, and the need to maintain and repair existing plumbing systems.
In addition, many plumbers are expected to retire in the coming years, which may create additional job openings.
Conclusion
And there you have it.
Choosing to pursue the path to become a plumber is no small task, but it’s undoubtedly rewarding.
Equipped with the right skills, education, and determination, you’re well on your way to making a meaningful impact in the practical world.
Remember, the journey may be tough, but the opportunities are boundless. Your expertise could lead to the next big breakthrough that changes how we live, work, and use water.
So, take that initial step. Immerse yourself in learning. Connect with professionals. And most importantly, never stop refining your craft.
Because the world is waiting for what you can fix.
And if you’re searching for personalized guidance on commencing or progressing your career in plumbing, explore our AI Career Path Advisor.
This complimentary tool is designed to offer tailored advice and resources to help you navigate your career path effectively.
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